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Spatial correlates of floristic and structural variation in a Neotropical wetland forest

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Abstract

Despite the ecological importance of wetland forests, their classification is still unsatisfactory, partly due to insufficient knowledge about the environmental drivers of their spatial heterogeneity. We examined the spatial variation of six community attributes in a tropical wetland forest and analyzed the underlying causes by using linear distance measures and geomorphological zonation as proxies of environmental heterogeneity. The study was conducted in a wetland forest located on a coastal plain of southern Mexico. Vegetation was sampled in two distinct landforms: coastal lagoon and river channel. For each plot we determined two other proxies of environmental variation, namely distance to the sea, and distance to closest water body. We assessed the effects of these environmental factors on wetland forest attributes through linear modelling. Except for species richness, all other attributes were heterogeneous across space, with aboveground biomass showing the largest variation. Overall, forest structural attributes in plots located along the highly dynamic main river channel were higher than those recorded around a relatively stable coastal lagoon, suggesting better conditions for wetland forest development in the former area. Models consistently included geomorphological zone, as well as distance proxies in most of them, with variable effects on community attributes. The spatial variation of this wetland forest was associated with different combinations of environmental proxies, with geomorphology being a key driver of this variability. A thorough understanding of the factors driving the spatial variation of wetland forests will lead to a more sensible ecological classification.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Derio Jiménez López, Osvaldo Hernández Martínez, Aldo Martínez, Matías Hernández, Nikolay Luna and Miguelina Sánchez for assistance in field work. Eduardo Pérez-García commented on an earlier version of this manuscript and Edgar J. González provided guidance for data analysis. Comments from Trudy Kavanagh and two anonymous reviewers considerably improved the manuscript. This study was funded by CONACyT, the National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico, through Grants FORDECyT 273646 and LANRESC 293354. This paper constitutes a partial fulfillment of the Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas (Doctorado), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. D.C. received a doctoral scholarship from CONACyT, Mexico.

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CONACyT, the National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico, Grants FORDECyT 273646 and LANRESC 293354.

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  1. José Alberto Gallardo-Cruz

    Present address: Centro Transdisciplinar Universitario para la Sustentabilidad, Universidad Iberoamericana, 01219, Mexico City, Mexico

  2. Jonathan V. Solórzano

    Present address: Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico

    Daniel Chávez, Moisés Enríquez & Jorge A. Meave

  2. Centro del Cambio Global y la Sustentabilidad A.C., 86080, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico

    José Alberto Gallardo-Cruz, Jonathan V. Solórzano & Candelario Peralta-Carreta

  3. Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico

    Daniel Chávez

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Chávez, D., Gallardo-Cruz, J.A., Solórzano, J.V. et al. Spatial correlates of floristic and structural variation in a Neotropical wetland forest. Wetlands Ecol Manage 28, 341–356 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-020-09718-z

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