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Auxiliary power through marine waste heat recovery using a CO2-organic cascading cycle

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Abstract

An appreciable part of primary energy input to a marine diesel engine is rejected as waste heat. Thus, through marine diesel engine waste heat recovery significant amount of secondary energy can be produced to satisfy the auxiliary power requirement of the marine ship. In present study, a CO2-organic fluid cascading cycle is considered for the utilization of the waste heat released by the marine diesel engine. R290, R600 and R1233zd (E) are considered as the working fluids of the bottoming cycle for their lower global warming potentials. The analysis revealed that power output of the cascading cycle is comparable to that of the baseline transcritical CO2 power cycle. However, for similar power output, operating pressure in the flue gas-CO2 heat recovery unit of the transcritical CO2 power cycle is significantly higher compared to that of the cascading cycle. Thus, possible leakage due to very high operating pressure of a conventional CO2 power cycle can be addressed by using the cascading system. Bare module costs per unit power output of cascading cycles are also significantly smaller. It is also apparent from the study that the marine diesel engine waste heat recovery through the CO2-organic cascading cycle would lead to 8–9.5% annual fuel saving. Reduced fuel consumption will also result in lesser CO2 emission from the marine ship.

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Abbreviations

\(C_{\text{P}}^{0}\) :

Purchase cost of equipment ($)

\(c_{\text{P}}\) :

Specific heat (kJ kg−1 K)

\(C_{\text{BM}}\) :

Bare module cost ($)

d i :

Inside tube diameter (m)

G :

Mass flux (kg m−2 s−1)

g :

Acceleration due to gravity (ms−2)

h :

Enthalpy (kJ kg−1 K−1)

k :

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

M :

Molecular weight of working fluid (g mol−1)

m :

Mass flow rate (kg s−1)

Nu:

Nusselt number

Pr:

Prandtl number

P :

Pressure (MPa)

Q :

Heat transfer (kW)

Re:

Reynolds number

s :

Entropy (kJ kg−1 K−1)

T :

Temperature (°C)

T g,i :

Exhaust gas inlet temperature (°C)

T g,o :

Exhaust gas outlet temperature (°C)

ΔT :

Logarithmic mean temperature difference (°C)

U :

Overall heat transfer coefficient of heat exchanger (W m−2 K−1)

\(W_{\text{t,tur}}\) :

Power output of the turbine of topping cycle (kW)

\(W_{\text{b,tur}}\) :

Power output of the turbine of bottoming cycle (kW)

\(W_{\text{t,pump}}\) :

Power consumed by pump of topping cycle (kW)

\(W_{\text{b,pump}}\) :

Power consumed by pump of bottoming cycle (kW)

\(W_{\text{t,NET}}\) :

Net power output of topping cycle (MW)

\(W_{\text{b,NET}}\) :

Net power output of bottoming cycle (MW)

\(W_{\text{CASCAD}}\) :

Power output of cascade cycle (MW)

X :

Equipment type

Y :

Capacity or size parameter of equipment (m2 or kW)

α :

Convective heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 K−1)

µ :

Dynamic viscosity (Pa s)

ρ :

Density

b:

Bottoming cycle

con:

Condensation, condenser

cw:

Cooling water

cyl:

Cylinder cooling water

exh:

Exhaust gas

exp:

Expander

i:

Inside, inlet

j:

Section

o:

Outside

r:

Organic working fluid for bottoming cycle

sca:

Scavenging air cooling water

t:

Topping cycle

tur:

Turbine

BMC:

Bare module cost

COFHRU:

CO2-organic fluid heat recovery unit

CEPCI:

Chemical engineering plant cost index

FGCHRU:

Flue gas CO2 heat recovery unit

GWP:

Global warming potential

ODP:

Ozone depletion potential

ORC:

Organic Rankine cycle

TRC:

Transcritical Rankine cycle

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aliah University, Kolkata, 700160, India

    Subha Mondal

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India

    Soumitra Datta & Sudipta De

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  1. Subha Mondal
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  2. Soumitra Datta
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  3. Sudipta De
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Correspondence to Sudipta De.

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Mondal, S., Datta, S. & De, S. Auxiliary power through marine waste heat recovery using a CO2-organic cascading cycle. Clean Techn Environ Policy 22, 893–906 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-020-01831-0

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