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On-demand production of hydrogen by reacting porous silicon nanowires with water

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Abstract

On-demand hydrogen generation is desired for fuel cells, energy storage, and clean energy applications. Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) and nanoparticles (SiNPs) have been reported to generate hydrogen by reacting with water, but these processes usually require external assistance, such as light, electricity or catalysts. Herein, we demonstrate that a porous SiNWs array, which is fabricated via the metal-assisted anodic etching (MAAE) method, reacts with water under ambient and dark conditions without any energy inputs. The reaction between the SiNWs and water generates hydrogen at a rate that is about ten times faster than the reported rates of other Si nanostructures. Two possible sources of enhancement are discussed: SiNWs maintain their high specific surface area as they don’t agglomerate, and the intrinsic strain of the nanowires promotes the reactivity. Moreover, the porous SiNWs array is portable, reusable, and environmentally friendly, yielding a promising route to produce hydrogen in a distributed manner.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the support of the California Energy Commission, Stanford Natural Gas Initiative, and Stanford Hydrogen Focus Group. Part of this work was performed at the Stanford Nano Shared Facilities (SNSF), supported by the National Science Foundation under award ECCS-1542152.

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Author notes

  1. Rui Ning and Yue Jiang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Rui Ning & Yitian Zeng

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Yue Jiang, Jiheng Zhao, Jeffrey Weisse, Xinjian Shi, Thomas M. Gill & Xiaolin Zheng

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Huaxin Gong

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  1. Rui Ning
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  2. Yue Jiang
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  5. Jiheng Zhao
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  6. Jeffrey Weisse
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  9. Xiaolin Zheng
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Correspondence to Xiaolin Zheng.

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Ning, R., Jiang, Y., Zeng, Y. et al. On-demand production of hydrogen by reacting porous silicon nanowires with water. Nano Res. 13, 1459–1464 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2734-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2734-8

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