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Micro- and nano-encapsulation of limonene and permethrin for mosquito repellent finishing of cotton textiles

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to prepare mosquito repellent textiles. To compare bio-based and synthetic mosquito repellent agents, limonene and permethrin were encapsulated with ethyl cellulose shell. Coacervation was employed, which is a simple and reproducible method for the encapsulation with high production efficiency. Morphological assessment showed that the capsules had smooth surfaces and their shape was spherical. The homogenous size distribution of the capsules was supported by laser diffraction analysis. The capsules showed narrow size distribution and the mean particle size of the optimum formulations for limonene and permethrin was 1 and 1.3 μm, respectively. The size of the produced capsules was considered suitable for textile applications. The FTIR spectra revealed the similarity of the chemical structure of capsules with shell material. Cotton fabrics were treated separately with limonene and permethrin capsules by padding method. The presence of capsules on the fabrics was determined after 20 washing cycles. Insecticide activity was evaluated against common house mosquitoes (Culex pipiens), with respect to cone bioassay of World Health Organization (WHO). Mosquitoes were tended to stay away from treated fabrics, and mortality rates of mosquitos were noted as 41% and 54% for limonene and permethrin, respectively. Although efficacy of fabrics decreased with increasing washing, the fabrics still showed repellency after 20 washing cycles. This study showed that the developed product might be used as an alternative to the other products in the market for avoiding mosquito-borne diseases.

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Acknowledgements

This study (00783.STZ.2011-1) was funded by Ministry of Science, Industry and Technology, Republic of Turkey. We also would like to thank Organik Kimya for partial financial support and acknowledge engineer Selda ÖZTUNA for utilizing the facility of the laboratories. We would also like to thank and commemorate Prof. Dr. Önder DEVECİ for his support and suggestions in mosquito bioassays. Preliminary studies about limonene and permethrin capsules were presented on 1st International Recent Developments, Textile Technology and Chemistry Symposium, Turkey and 1st International Conference on Natural Fibers, Portugal.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey

    Gizem Ceylan Türkoğlu, Ayşe Merih Sarıışık & Gökhan Erkan

  2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

    Mehmet Salih Yıkılmaz

  3. Organik Kimya Sanayive Tic. A.S., Istanbul, Turkey

    Oya Kontart

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  1. Gizem Ceylan Türkoğlu
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  2. Ayşe Merih Sarıışık
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  3. Gökhan Erkan
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Correspondence to Gizem Ceylan Türkoğlu.

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Türkoğlu, G.C., Sarıışık, A.M., Erkan, G. et al. Micro- and nano-encapsulation of limonene and permethrin for mosquito repellent finishing of cotton textiles. Iran Polym J 29, 321–329 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-020-00799-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-020-00799-4

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