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Nonthermal particles and photons in starburst regions and superbubbles

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The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review Aims and scope

Abstract

Starforming factories in galaxies produce compact clusters and loose associations of young massive stars. Fast radiation-driven winds and supernovae input their huge kinetic power into the interstellar medium in the form of highly supersonic and superalfvenic outflows. Apart from gas heating, collisionless relaxation of fast plasma outflows results in fluctuating magnetic fields and energetic particles. The energetic particles comprise a long-lived component which may contain a sizeable fraction of the kinetic energy released by the winds and supernova ejecta and thus modify the magnetohydrodynamic flows in the systems. We present a concise review of observational data and models of nonthermal emission from starburst galaxies, superbubbles, and compact clusters of massive stars. Efficient mechanisms of particle acceleration and amplification of fluctuating magnetic fields with a wide dynamical range in starburst regions are discussed. Sources of cosmic rays, neutrinos and multi-wavelength nonthermal emission associated with starburst regions including potential galactic “PeVatrons” are reviewed in the global galactic ecology context.

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Acknowledgments

The invitation to this review by T. Courvoisier is deeply acknowledged. The author benefited from his collaborations with A. Artemyev, C. Georgy, I. Grenier, D. C. Ellison, G. Fleishman, P. Gladilin, M. Gustov, A. Marcowith, K. P. Levenfish, D. Folini, S. Osipov, E. Parizot, Yu. Uvarov, R. Walder. Special thanks are due to I. N. Toptygin and A. M. Krassilchtchikov for their help at various stages of my work.

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  1. Ioffe Institute for Physics and Technology, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Andrei M. Bykov

  2. International Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland

    Andrei M. Bykov

  3. St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Andrei M. Bykov

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Bykov, A.M. Nonthermal particles and photons in starburst regions and superbubbles. Astron Astrophys Rev 22, 77 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00159-014-0077-8

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