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A comparative metabolomics study on anadromous clupeid Tenualosa ilisha for better understanding the influence of habitat on nutritional composition

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Abstract

Introduction

Fish inhabiting different aquatic habitats adapts to the environment by metabolomic readjustments. Understanding the combined activities of all the metabolic pathways (metabolome) helps in better understanding the complex interactions between gene and environment.

Objectives

The anadromous migratory Tenualosa ilisha is a high value food fish comprising the dominant fishery of the rivers Padma and Hooghly. The present study aimed at understanding the influence of the two habitats on the nutritional composition of hilsa.

Methods

Metabolite profiling was carried out by GC/MS. De novo assembly of hilsa liver transcriptome was generated under Illumina HiSeq platform and multivariate analysis was employed for correlation and comparison.

Results

GC/MS fingerprinting showed C16:0, C18:1, C20:5 and C22:6 to be the predominant fatty acids present in hilsa liver, which were also found to be significantly higher in Hooghly hilsa. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly associated with ‘lipid metabolism’ and ‘amino acid metabolism’ pathways. Multivariate analysis between the metabolites amino acid, fatty acid and corresponding gene expression showed that few genes of amino acid metabolism (EZH1, ALAS2 and ALDH4A1) positively correlated with individual amino acids (lysine, glycine and glutamate) in Hooghly hilsa. Similarly, the key genes for LC-PUFA biosynthesis (ELOVL5, FADS2, CPT1) showed positive correlation with individual LC-PUFAs (C18:3, C20:4, C20:5, C22:6), indicating higher LC-PUFA biosynthesis potential in Hooghly hilsa.

Conclusion

Comparative metabolomic study in hilsa from the two different habitats showed that the habitats influence the nutritional composition as evidenced by high abundance of amino acids lysine, leucine and arginine and LC-PUFAs C18:3, C20:4, C20:5, C22:6 in Hooghly hilsa.

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Data availability

The transcriptomic and metadata reported in this publication have been deposited in NCBI’s Sequence Read Archive and are accessible through SRA Accession Number SRR5936610 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/?term=SRR5936610).

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Acknowledgements

The present study was partly sponsored by Fisheries Science Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) (ICAR-FSD-OA#3), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer’s Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, India under the consortium project Outreach Activity on Nutrient profiling and evaluation of fish as a dietary component. The authors are thankful to the Director, CIFRI, Barrackpore for the facilities and to Dr Md. Aftabuddin, Principal Scientist for the laboratory facilities for the qPCR analysis. The authors (SG, TM, AM) are thankful to ICAR for the research fellowship. Technical assistance received from Shri Ladu Ram Mahaver, Asim Kumar Jana, Samir Kumar Paul, Rabiul Sk and Sujoy Nath is thankfully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fishery Resource and Environmental Management Division, Biochemistry Laboratory, ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700 120, India

    Satabdi Ganguly, Tandrima Mitra, Arabinda Mahanty & Bimal P. Mohanty

  2. Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, India

    Arabinda Mahanty

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rama Devi Women’s’ University, Bhubaneswar, 751022, India

    Sasmita Mohanty

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  1. Satabdi Ganguly
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  5. Bimal P. Mohanty
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Contributions

BPM conceived, designed and guided the study, provided all laboratory facilities and edited the manuscript. SG collected the samples and performed the experiments. TM and SM analyzed the transcriptome data. SG and AM did the GC/MS experiments and analysed the metabolite data. SG prepared the manuscript and all authors read and provided critical feedback on the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Bimal P. Mohanty.

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The study along with tissue collection and experimentation was carried out according to the ethical guidelines and adhering to the legal requirements of the study country. The study was approved by the Institute Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) (CIFRI/IAEC-16-17/05).

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Ganguly, S., Mitra, T., Mahanty, A. et al. A comparative metabolomics study on anadromous clupeid Tenualosa ilisha for better understanding the influence of habitat on nutritional composition. Metabolomics 16, 30 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-020-01655-5

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