Identification and critical phenomenon studies of polymorphic phases in binary intermetallic compound DyIr
Introduction
The rare-earth (R) and transition-metal (M) based perovskite compounds has been extensively studied since last few decades due to their versatile interesting physical properties viz., polymorphism [1], kondo phenomenon [2], superconductivity [3], magnetocaloric effect [4], magnetoresistence [5], charge ordering, [6] etc. The general chemical formula of cubic perovskite structure is [7] (space group: Pmm) where ‘A’ atoms occupy the cubic corner positions, ‘M’ sits at the body centre position and ‘X’ atoms are at the face centre positions. In case of intermetallic inverse-perovskite, the lighter atom sits at the body centre position. Although the ideal perovskite compounds form in the above-mentioned cubic structure, many of those are prone to crystal distortion, resulting the formation of ‘pseudocubic’ structure of lower symmetry [7], [8]. One such example is RPtX, (R = rare earth; X = B, Si), where compounds for R = Sm - Tm undergo structural transformation from tetragonal CePtB-type structure to ideal cubic perovskite structure with lower boron content after annealing at high temperature [1]. A similar diminution of boron content has also been reported in RPdB (0 x 1) series [9]. It should be pointed here, that the interjection of lighter atom in RX depends on the available space in the vacant R cage [1], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19]. For example, RRh(B/C) compounds are reported to form with full B or C content i.e, RRh cage allow the B or C with full occupancy [11], [12], [20]. However, due to the smaller size of Pd atom, the RPd cage limits the insertion of lighter atom.
Thus the understanding of physical properties of RX compounds depend on the appropriate perception of the physical properties of binary R series. The binary compounds form in various crystal structures depending on the type of R and M metals [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29]. For example, RPd forms in cubic AuCu-type structure for all R atoms, [28], [29] whereas, the different members of RPt series are reported to form in two different crystal structures: AuBe5 and AuCu-type, depending on rare-earth atoms. For R = La-Tb, RPt compounds form in AuBe5- type structure and for R = Dy-Tm, the compounds assume the AuCu-type structure [22], [23], [26], [27]. Only TbPt undergoes interesting polymorphic structural transformation from AuBe5 to AuCu-type under annealing at 1173 K for 2 hrs [22]. The members of RRh family are reported to crystallize in different structures such as, CeNi (space group: P6/mmc), PuNi (space group: Rm) and AuCu-type [21], [24], [25]. Recently, we have reported the synthesis and various physical properties of some members of RIr (R = Gd, Tb, Ho) intermetallic compound [30]. In this work, we report the structural and magnetic properties of another member of the same series, DyIr.
Section snippets
Experimental details
The binary polycrystalline compound DyIr is synthesized in arc furnace by melting high purity ( 99.9%) constituent elements, viz., Dy and Ir in stoichiometric amount on water cooled Copper hearth in flowing inert gas (Ar) atmosphere. The ingot is melted several times (atleast 5–6 times) after flipping each time to promote volume homogeneity. The weight loss during melting process is less than 1%. The as-cast sample is wrapped in Ta-foil and annealed at 1173 K under vacuum sealed quartz tube
Results and discussions
The XRD pattern taken at room temperature of DyIr (Fig. 1) can be indexed by considering two coexisting polymorphic phases: AuBe5 (space group F3m, No. 216) and AuCu-type (space group: Pmm, No. 221). The unit cell of AuBe5 and AuCu-type structure are displayed in Fig. 1. It may be mentioned here that DyIr3 had earlier been argued to lie at the border of the AuCu3-type and PuNi3-type crystal structure, but essentially reported to form in the former structure type [32]. We however rather
Summary
In the present work, we report the synthesis of binary polycrystalline compound DyIr. The room temperature XRD analysis by full Rietveld method reveals that DyIr forms with two coexisting polymorphic phases: AuBe5 and AuCu-type. The analysis of dc magnetization and heat capacity data suggest that AuBe5- type phase orders ferromagnetically near 22 K but AuCu -type phase remains paramagnetic down to 2.5 K. The ac-susceptibility measurement, magnetic relaxation and magnetic memory effect
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Binita Mondal: Investigation, Formal analysis, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. Shovan Dan: Investigation, Formal analysis, Writing - review & editing. Sudipta Mondal: Investigation, Formal analysis, Writing - review & editing. R.N. Bhowmik: Investigation, Formal analysis, Writing - review & editing. R. Ranganathan: Resources, Supervision, Writing - review & editing. Chandan Mazumdar: Conceptualization, Resources, Supervision, Writing - review & editing.
Declaration of Competing Interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Mr Shibasis Chatterjee and Mr Tridib Das for technical support during SEM & EDS measurements. RNB thanks CIF, Pondicherry University for ac-susceptibility measurements. The work has been carried out by the CMPID project at SINP and funded by the Department of Atomic Energy , Govt. of India.
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