Issue 6, 2020

Preclinical biological and physicochemical evaluation of two-photon engineered 3D biomimetic copolymer scaffolds for bone healing

Abstract

A major challenge in orthopedics is the repair of large non-union bone fractures. A promising therapy for this indication is the use of biodegradable bioinspired biomaterials that stabilize the fracture site, relieve pain and initiate bone formation and healing. This study uses a multidisciplinary evaluation strategy to assess immunogenicity, allergenicity, bone responses and physicochemical properties of a novel biomaterial scaffold. Two-photon stereolithography generated personalized custom-built scaffolds with a repeating 3D structure of Schwarz Primitive minimal surface unit cell with a specific pore size of ∼400 μm from three different methacrylated poly(D,L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) copolymers with lactide to caprolactone monomer ratios of 16 : 4, 18 : 2 and 9 : 1. Using in vitro and in vivo assays for bone responses, immunological reactions and degradation dynamics, we found that copolymer composition influenced the scaffold physicochemical and biological properties. The scaffolds with the fastest degradation rate correlated with adverse cellular effects and mechanical stiffness correlated with in vitro osteoblast mineralization. The physicochemical properties also correlated with in vivo bone healing and immune responses. Overall these observations provide compelling support for these scaffolds for bone repair and illustrate the effectiveness of a promising multidisciplinary strategy with great potential for the preclinical evaluation of biomaterials.

Graphical abstract: Preclinical biological and physicochemical evaluation of two-photon engineered 3D biomimetic copolymer scaffolds for bone healing

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
12 Nov 2019
Accepted
17 Jan 2020
First published
27 Jan 2020
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Biomater. Sci., 2020,8, 1683-1694

Preclinical biological and physicochemical evaluation of two-photon engineered 3D biomimetic copolymer scaffolds for bone healing

C. Kampleitner, K. Changi, R. M. Felfel, C. A. Scotchford, V. Sottile, R. Kluger, O. Hoffmann, D. M. Grant and M. M. Epstein, Biomater. Sci., 2020, 8, 1683 DOI: 10.1039/C9BM01827A

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