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Liquid Immiscibility and Problems of Ore Genesis: Experimental Data

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The paper reports the results of an experimental study of phase relations and distribution of elements in silicate melt–salt melt systems (carbonate, phosphate, fluoride, chloride), silicate melt I – silicate melt II, and fluid–magmatic systems in the presence of alkali metal fluorides. Extraction of a number of ore elements (Y, REE, Sr, Ba, Ti, Nb, Zr, Ta, W, Mo, Pb) by salt components was studied in liquid immiscibility processes within a wide temperature range of 800–1250°С and pressure of 1–5.5 kbar. It is shown that partition coefficients are sufficient for concentration of ore elements in amounts necessary for the genesis of ore deposits. In a fluid-saturated trachyrhyolite melt, the separation into two silicate liquids has been determined. The partition coefficients of a number of elements (Sr, La, Nb, Fe, Cr, Mo, K, Rb, Cs) between phases L1 and L2 have been obtained. The interaction processes of a heterophase fluid in the granite (quartz)–ore mineral–heterophase fluid (Li, Na, K-fluoride) system were studied at 650–850°C and P = 1 kbar. The formation of the phase of a highly alkaline fluid-saturated silicate melt concentrating Ta and Nb is shown as a result of the interaction of the fluid with rock and ore minerals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Korzhinskii Institute of Experimental Mineralogy (IEM), Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, Russia

    Yu. B. Shapovalov, A. R. Kotelnikov, N. I. Suk & V. S. Korzhinskaya

  2. Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry (IGEM), Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017, Moscow, Russia

    Z. A. Kotelnikova

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  1. Yu. B. Shapovalov
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Shapovalov, Y.B., Kotelnikov, A.R., Suk, N.I. et al. Liquid Immiscibility and Problems of Ore Genesis: Experimental Data. Petrology 27, 534–551 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0869591119050060

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