Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Waiting for the W

and the Higgs

  • Personal recollection
  • Published:
The European Physical Journal H Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The search for the left-handed W ± bosons, the proposed quanta of the weak interaction, and the Higgs boson, which spontaneously breaks the symmetry of unification of electromagnetic and weak interactions, has driven elementary-particle physics research from the time that I entered college to the present and has led to many unexpected and exciting discoveries which revolutionized our view of subnuclear physics over that period. In this article I describe how these searches and discoveries have intertwined with my own career.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aad, G. et al. (ATLAS). 2016. Eur. Phys. J. C 76: 6.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. Abdallah, J. et al. (DELPHI). 2010. Eur. Phys. J. C 66: 35–56.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. Abolins, M. et al. 1982. pp. 274–287 in Ref. [Donaldson 1982].

  4. Adamcyzk, L. et al. (STAR). 2014. Phys. Rev. Lett. 113: 072301.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. Adare, A. et al. (PHENIX). 2007. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98: 172301.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. Adare, A. et al. (PHENIX). 2016. Phys. Rev. D 93: 051103(R).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. Adcox, K. et al. (PHENIX). 2002. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88: 022301.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. Adcox, K. et al. (PHENIX). 2005. Nucl. Phys. A 757: 184–283.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. Alekseev, I. et al. 2003. pp. 392–414 in Ref. [Harrison 2003].

  10. Alff-Steinberger, C., W. Heuer, K. Kleinknecht, C. Rubbia, A. Scribano, J. Steinberger, M.J. Tannenbaum and K. Tittel. 1966. Phys. Lett. 20: 207–211.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. Angelis, A.L.S. et al. (CCOR). 1980. Phys. Lett. B 94: 106–112; see also, M. Diakonou et al. (ABC-R806). 1979. Phys. Lett. B 87: 292–296.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. Angelis, A.L.S. et al. 1982. Nucl. Phys. B 209: 284–300.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. Appel, J.A. et al. (UA2). 1986. ZPC 30: 1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Arnison, G. et al. (UA1). 1983. Phys. Lett. B 122: 103–116.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. Asbury, J.G. et al. 1967. Phys. Rev. Lett. 18: 65–70.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Aubert, J.J. et al. 1974. Phys. Rev. Lett. 33: 1404–1406.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. Augustin, J.-E. et al. 1974. Phys. Rev. Lett. 33: 1406–1408.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. Babcock, J., E. Monsay and D. Sivers. 1979. Phys. Rev. D 19: 1483–1502.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. Baier, R., D. Schiff and B.G. Zakharov. 2000. Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 50: 37–69.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. Banner, M. et al. (UA2). 1983. Phys. Lett. B 122: 476–485.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Baym, G. 2002. Nucl. Phys. A 698: xxiii–xxxii.

  22. Berman, S.M., J.D. Bjorken and J.B. Kogut. 1971. Phys. Rev. D 4: 3388–3418.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. Bjorken, J.D. 1969. Phys. Rev. 179: 1547–1553.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. Bjorken, J.D. and E.A. Paschos. 1969. Phys. Rev. 185: 1975–1982.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. Blumenthal, R.B. et al. 1966. Phys. Rev. 144: 1199–1223.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. Bourrely, C. and J. Soffer. 1993. Phys. Lett. B 314: 132–138.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. Bourrely, C. and J. Soffer. 1995. Nucl. Phys. B 445: 341–379.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. Brodsky, S.J. and S.C.C. Ting. 1966. Phys. Rev. 145: 1018–1022.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. Bunce, G. et al. 1982. pp. 489–499 in Ref. [Donaldson 1982].

  30. Büsser, F.W. et al. (CCR). 1972. Proc. 16th International Conference on High Energy Physics, J.D. Jackson and A. Roberts (eds.) (NAL, Batavia, IL, 1972), G. Giacomelli, rapporteur, Vol. 3, p. 317, Fig. 39.

  31. Büsser, F.W. et al. (CCRS). 1976. Nucl. Phys. B 113: 189–245.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. Charpak, G., F.J.M. Farley, R.L. Garwin, T. Muller, J.C. Sens, V.L. Telegdi, and A. Zichichi. 1961. Phys. Rev. Lett. 6: 128–132.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. Chilton, F., A.M. Saperstein and E. Shrauner. 1966. Phys. Rev. 148: 1380–1384.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. Christenson, J.H., J.W. Cronin, V.L. Fitch and R. Turlay. 1964. Phys. Rev. Lett. 13: 138–140.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. Christenson, J.H., G.S. Hicks, L.M. Lederman, P.J. Limon, B.G. Pope and E. Zavattini. 1970. Phys. Rev. Lett. 25: 1523–1526.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. Collins, J., S. Heppelmann and R.W. Robinett (eds.). 1990. Polarized Collider Workshop, University Park, PA 1990, AIP Conf. Proc. No. 223 (AIP, New York, 1991).

  37. Cool, R. et al. 1964. Proc. 12th International Conference on High Energy Physics, Dubna, 5–15 August 1964 (Atomizdat, Moscow, 1966) pp. 852–856.

  38. Cool, R., A. Maschke, L.M. Lederman, M. Tannenbaum, R. Ellsworth, A. Melissinos, J.H. Tinlot and T. Yamanouchi. 1965. Phys. Rev. Lett. 14: 724–728.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. Courant, E.D. 1980. pp. 102–109 in Ref. [Tannenbaum 1980].

  40. Crease, R.P. 2005. Phys. Perspect. 7: 330–376, 404–452.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. Crease, R.P. 2008. Hist. Stud. Nat. Sci. 38: 535–568.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. de Florian, D., R. Sassot, M. Stratmann and W. Vogelsang. 2014. Phys. Rev. Lett. 113: 012001.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. De Marzo, C. et al. 1982. Phys. Lett. B 112: 173–177.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. Dicus D.A. and K.J. Kallianpur. 1986. Phys. Rev. D 34: 3533–3535.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. Doble, N. et al. 1994. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 343: 351–362.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. Donaldson, R., R. Gustafson, F. Paige (eds.). 1982. Proc. 1982 DPF Summer Study on Elementary Particle Physics and Future Facilities, Snowmass, CO, June 28-July 16, 1982, (Fermilab, Batavia, 1983).

  47. Faessler, M.A. 1984. Phys. Repts. 115: 1–91; also, see CERN/ISRC/79-3, 79-10, 80-6.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. Farley, F.J.M., J. Bailey, R.C.A. Brown, M. Giesch, H. Jöstlein, S. van der Meer, E. Picasso and M. Tannenbaum. 1966. Nuovo Cimento 44: 281–286.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. Fatyga, M., M.J. Rhoades-Brown and M.J. Tannenbaum (eds.). 1990. Proc. Workshop, Can RHIC be used to test QED?, April 20–21, 1990 (BNL, Upton, NY), BNL-52247.

  50. Feynman, R.P. 1972. Photon-Hadron Interactions (W.A. Benjamin, Reading, Mass., 1972).

  51. Foley, H.M. and P. Kusch. 1948. Phys. Rev. 73: 412.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. Garwin, R.L., L.M. Lederman and M. Weinrich. 1957. Phys. Rev. 105: 1415–1417. Also see Friedman, J.I. and V.L. Telegdi. 1957. Phys. Rev. 105: 1681–1682.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Gittleson, H. et al. 1974. Phys. Rev. D 10: 1379–1386.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. Glashow, S.L., J. Iliopoulos and L. Maiani 1970. Phys. Rev. D 2: 1285–1292.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. Greenberg, O.W. 1964. Phys. Rev. Lett. 13: 598–602.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. Hanson, G. et al. 1975. Phys. Rev. Lett. 35: 1609–1612.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. Harrison, M., T. Ludlam and S. Ozaki (eds.). 2003. “The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider Project: RHIC and its Detectors”, 2003. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 499: 235–880.

  58. Herb, S.W. et al. 1977. Phys. Rev. Lett. 39: 252–255.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  59. Hoddeson, L. 1987. Hist. Studies Phys. Bio. Sci. 18: 25–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Huson, R., L.M. Lederman and R. Schwitters. 1982. pp. 361–368 in Ref. [Donaldson 1982].

  61. Johnson, R. 1983. Proc. 1983 DPF Workshop on Collider Detectors: Present Capabilities and Future Possibilities, Berkeley, CA, Feb. 28–Mar 4, 1983, S.C. Loken and P. Nemethy (eds.). (LBL-15973), pp. 122–124.

  62. Kahana D.E. and S.H. Kahana. 1993. Top and Higgs Masses from Dynamical Symmetry Breaking, arXiv:hep-ph/9312316v1.

  63. Lamb, W.E. Jr. and R.C. Retherford. 1947. Phys. Rev. 72: 241–243.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. Lederman, L.M. 1972. Large q2 Experiments at ISABELLE, Brookhaven National Laboratory Report, ISABELLE Physics Prospects, BNL 17522, Upton, N.Y. pp. 396–405; also BNL 16804.

  65. Lederman, L.M. 1982. pp. 125–127 in Ref. [Donaldson 1982].

  66. Lederman, L.M. and M.J. Tannenbaum. 1968. Advances in Particle Physics, Vol. 1, pp. 1–70, R.L. Cool and R.E. Marshak (eds.) (Interscience, New York).

  67. Lee, T.D. and C.N. Yang. 1956. Phys. Rev. 104: 254–258.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  68. Lee, T.D. and C.N. Yang. 1960a. Phys. Rev. Lett. 4: 307–311.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  69. Lee, T.D. and C.N. Yang. 1960b. Phys. Rev. 119: 1410–1419.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  70. Low, F.E. 1965. Phys. Rev. Lett. 14: 238–239.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  71. May, M. et al. 1975. Phys. Rev. Lett. 35: 407–410.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  72. Munger, C.T., S.J. Brodsky and I. Schmidt. 1994. Phys. Rev. D 49: 3228–3235.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  73. Murtagh, M. et al. 1974. Phys. Rev. D 10: 3873–3876.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  74. Paige, F.E., T.L. Trueman and T.N. Tudron. 1979. Phys. Rev. D 19: 935–940.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  75. Paige, F.E. and M.J. Tannenbaum. 1983. QCD Tests with Polarized Beams at CBA, BNL-33119; and F.E. Paige, private communication.

  76. Panofsky, W.K.H. 1968. Proc. 14th International Conference on High Energy Physics, Vienna, Austria, 28 Aug.–5 Sept, 1968. J. Prentki and J. Steinberger (eds.) (CERN, Geneva, 1968), pp. 23–39.

  77. Pretzl, K.P. et al. 1980. AIP Conf. Proc. 68: 92–97. doi: 10.1063/1.32442

    Google Scholar 

  78. Rak, J. and M.J. Tannenbaum. 2013. High p T Physics in the Heavy Ion Era, (Cambridge University Press, 2013).

  79. Russell, J.J., R.C. Sah, M.J. Tannenbaum, W.E. Cleland, D.G. Ryan and D.G. Stairs. 1971. Phys. Rev. Lett. 26: 46–50.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  80. Saito, N. 1995. pp. 160–168 in Ref. [Tannenbaum 1995].

  81. Samios, N.P. and P. Yamin. 2012. Melvin Schwartz, A Biographical Memoir, (National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC).

  82. Schwartz, M. 1960. Phys. Rev. Lett. 4: 306–307.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  83. South, D.M. and M. Turcato. 2016. Review of Searches for Rare Processes and Physics Beyond the Standard Model at HERA, arXiv:1605.03459, to appear in Eur. Phys. J. C.

  84. Tannenbaum, M.J. 1968. Phys. Rev. 167: 1308–1313.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  85. Tannenbaum, M.J. 1980. Proc. 1980 Int. Symposium on High Energy Physics with Polarized Beams and Polarized Targets, Lausanne, Sept. 25–Oct. 1, 1980, C. Joseph and J. Soffer (eds.) (Birkhauser Verlag, Basel, 1981), pp. 379–388.

  86. Tannenbaum, M.J. 1982a. pp. 184–193 in Ref. [Donaldson 1982].

  87. Tannenbaum, M.J. 1982b. Proc. 21st International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP), Paris, France, July 26–31, 1982, P. Petiau, M. Porneuf (eds.). J. Phys. Colloques. 43: C3-134–C3-139.

  88. Tannenbaum, M.J. 1983. Auxiliary facilities for a Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Omega Group Internal Report OG769, Brookhaven National Laboratory.

  89. Tannenbaum, M.J. 1984. Proc. SSC Fixed Target Workshop, the Woodlands, TX, Jan 27–29, 1984, P. McIntyre (ed.) (TAMU, College Station, 1984), pp. 56–61; also BNL-34614.

  90. Tannenbaum, M.J. 1989. Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 4: 3377–3476.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  91. Tannenbaum, M.J. 1995. Proc. Adriatico Research Conference on Trends in Collider Spin Physics, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, Dec. 5–8, 1995, Y. Onel, N. Paver, A. Penzo (eds.) (World Scientific, Singapore, 1997), pp. 31–53.

  92. Tannenbaum, M.J. 1996. Heavy Ion Phys. 4: 139–148.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Tannenbaum, M.J. 2005. Nucl. Phys. A 749: 219c–228c.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  94. Weinberg, S. 1967. Phys. Rev. Lett. 19: 1264–1266.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  95. Wolf, G. 1982. pp. C3-525–C3-568 in Ref. [Tannenbaum 1982b].

  96. Wu, C.S., E. Ambler, R.W. Hayward, D.D. Hoppes and R.P. Hudson. 1957. Phys. Rev. 105: 1413–1415.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  97. Yamaguchi, Y. 1966. Nuovo Cimento A43: 193–199.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  98. Zichichi, A. 1964. Vol. 2, p. 35 in Ref. [Cool 1964].

  99. Zichichi, A. (ed.). 2012. Proceedings of the International School of Subnuclear Physics, 50th Course, Erice, Sicily, Italy, 23 June–2 July 2012, (World Scientific, Singapore, August 2014).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA

    M. J. Tannenbaum

Authors
  1. M. J. Tannenbaum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. J. Tannenbaum.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Tannenbaum, M.J. Waiting for the W. EPJ H 41, 303–325 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2016-70048-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2016-70048-7

Search

Navigation