Abstract
Internet traffic continues to grow relentlessly, driven largely by increasingly high resolution video content. Although studies have shown that the majority of packets processed by Internet routers are pass-through traffic, they nonetheless have to be queued and routed at every hop in current networks, which unnecessarily adds substantial delays and processing costs. Such pass-through traffic can be better circuit-switched through the underlying optical transport network by means of pre-established circuits, which is possible in a unified packet and circuit switched network. In this paper, we propose a novel convex optimization framework based on a new destination-based multicommodity flow formulation for the allocation of circuits in such unified networks. In particular, we consider two deployment settings, one based on real-time traffic monitoring, and the other relying upon history-based traffic predictions. In both cases, we formulate global network optimization objectives as concave functions that capture the fair sharing of network capacity among competing traffic flows. The convexity of our problem formulations ensures globally optimal solutions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allalouf M, Shavitt Y (2005) Centralized and distributed approximation algorithms for routing and weighted max–min fair bandwidth allocation. In: IEEE workshop on high performance switching and routing, pp 306–311
ApS M (2017) https://www.mosek.com/MOSEK. version 8. Accessed 14 Jan 2018
Banerjee D, Mukherjee B (2000) Wavelength-routed optical networks: linear formulation, resource budgeting tradeoffs, and a reconfiguration study. IEEE/ACM Trans Netw 8(5):598–607
Banerjee A, Drake J, Lang JP, Turner B, Kompella K, Rekhter Y (2001) Generalized multiprotocol label switching: an overview of routing and management enhancements. IEEE Commun Mag 39(1):144–150
Boyd S, Vandenberghe L (2004) Convex optimization, 1st edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Cao Z, Zegura EW (1999) Utility max–min: an application-oriented bandwidth allocation scheme. In: IEEE INFOCOM, pp 793–801
Chou J, Lin B (2009a) Coarse optical circuit switching by default, rerouting over circuits for adaptation. J Opt Netw 8(1):33–50
Chou J, Lin B (2009b) Optimal multi-path routing and bandwidth allocation under utility max–min fairness. In: IEEE international workshop on quality of service, pp 1–9
Cisco IOS netflow (1996) https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/ios-nx-os-software/ios-netflow/index.html. Accessed 14 Jan 2018
Comellas J, Martnez R, Prat J, Sales V, Junyent G (2003) Integrated IP/WDM routing in GMPLS-based optical networks. IEEE Netw 17(2):22–27
Das S, Parulkar G, McKeown N (2012) Why OpenFlow/SDN can succeed where GMPLS failed. In: European conference and exhibition on optical communication
Das S, Parulkar G, McKeown N (2013) Rethinking IP core networks. J Opt Commun Netw 5(12):1431–1442
Diamond S, Boyd S (2016) CVXPY: a python-embedded modeling language for convex optimization. J Mach Learn Res 17(83):1–5
Huelsermann R, Gunkel M, Meusburger C, Schupke DA (2008) Cost modeling and evaluation of capital expenditures in optical multilayer networks. J Opt Netw 7(9):814–833
Internet2 (1996) Advanced networking for leading-edge research and education. http://www.internet2.edu/. Accessed 14 Jan 2018
Kreutz D, Ramos FM, Verissimo PE, Rothenberg CE, Azodolmolky S, Uhlig S (2015) Software-defined networking: a comprehensive survey. Proc IEEE 103(1):14–76
Li G, Wang D, Yates J, Doverspike R, Kalmanek C (2007) IP over optical cross-connect architectures. IEEE Commun Mag 45(2):34–39
Magnani A, Boyd S (2009) Convex piecewise-linear fitting. Optim Eng 10(1):1–17
McKeown N, Anderson T, Balakrishnan H, Parulkar G, Peterson L, Rexford J, Shenker S, Turner J (2008) OpenFlow: enabling innovation in campus networks. ACM SIGCOMM Comput Commun Rev 39(2):69–74
Medina A, Taft N, Salamatian K, Bhattacharyya S, Diot C (2002) Traffic matrix estimation: existing techniques and new directions. ACM SIGCOMM Comput Commun Rev 32(4):161–174
Mo J, Walrand J (2000) Fair end-to-end window-based congestion control. IEEE/ACM Trans Netw 8(5):556–567
Morrow MJ, Tatipamula M, Farrel A (2005) GMPLS: the promise of the next-generation optical control plane. IEEE Commun Mag 43(7):26–27
Moy J (1994) OSPF version 2. https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2328.txt. Accessed 14 Jan 2018
Radunovic B, Boudec JYL (2007) A unified framework for max–min and min–max fairness with applications. IEEE/ACM Trans Netw 15(5):1073–1083
Ramamurthy B, Ramakrishnan A (2000) Virtual topology reconfiguration of wavelength-routed optical WDM networks. In: IEEE global telecommunications conference, pp 1269–1275
Roughan M, Greenberg A, Kalmanek C, Rumsewicz M, Yates J, Zhang Y (2003) Experience in measuring internet backbone traffic variability: models, metrics, measurements and meaning. In: International teletraffic congress (ITC), pp 379–388
Rubenstein D, Kurose J, Towsley D (2002) The impact of multicast layering on network fairness. EEE/ACM Trans Netw 10(2):169–182
Sengupta S, Kumar V, Saha D (2003) Switched optical backbone for cost-effective scalable core IP networks. IEEE Commun Mag 41(6):60–70
Shenker S, Casado M, Koponen T, McKeown N (2011) The future of networking, and the past of protocols. In: Open networking summit, pp 1–30
Simmons J (2014) Optical network design and planning. Springer, Berlin
Tornatore M, Maier G, Pattavina A (2002) WDM network optimization by ILP based on source formulation. In: IEEE INFOCOM, pp 1813–1821
Xia W, Wen Y, Foh CH, Niyato D, Xie H (2015) A survey on software-defined networking. IEEE Commun Surv Tutor 17(1):27–51
Yin P, Yang S, Xu J, Dai J, Lin B (2017) Improving backpressure-based adaptive routing via incremental expansion of routing choices. In: Proceedings of the symposium on architectures for networking and communications systems, pp 1–12
Yoo SB (2003) Optical-label switching, MPLS, MPLambdaS, and GMPLS. Opt Netw Mag 4(3):17–31
Zhang Y (2006) Abilene traffic matrices. http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~yzhang/research/AbileneTM/. Accessed 14 Jan 2018
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yin, P., Diamond, S., Lin, B. et al. Network optimization for unified packet and circuit switched networks. Optim Eng 21, 159–180 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-019-09439-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-019-09439-0