Abstract
This study investigates the seismic behavior of composite frames with initial heavy load conditions. Two frame specimens consisting of square concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns and steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) deep beams were fabricated and poured using ordinary concrete and high-strength concrete, respectively. Thereafter, the two specimens were tested under cyclic loadings, and the failure models, hysteretic behavior, bearing capacity, ductility, and accumulated energy dissipation of the specimens were investigated in detail. The experimental results revealed that both of the specimens failed owing to the local buckling at the column ends. This kind of composite frame has good seismic performance and can be regarded as a high-ductility structure. Moreover, a finite element (FE) model was developed and verified by the experimental results. The effects of the typical parameters, such as the material strength and axial compression ratio, were studied using the FE model. The parametric study demonstrates that increasing the yield strength of the steel tube can effectively improve the ultimate bearing capacity of the composite frame and that decreasing the axial compression ratio is a valid method for improving the ductility of the structure.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
ATC-24 (1992) Guidelines for cyclic seismic testing of components of steel structures. Applied Technology Council, Redwood City
Bazaez R, Dusicka P (2016) Cyclic behavior of reinforced concrete bridge bent retrofitted with buckling restrained braces. Eng Struct 119:34–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.04.010
Bhattacharya S, Hyodo M, Nikitas G et al (2018) Geotechnical and infrastructural damage due to the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake sequence. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 104:390–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.11.009
Chen QJ, Cai J, Bradford MA et al (2014) Seismic behaviour of a through-beam connection between concrete-filled steel tubular columns and reinforced concrete beams. Eng Struct 80:24–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.08.036
Dong HH, Du XL, Han Q et al (2017) Performance of an innovative self-centering buckling restrained brace for mitigating seismic responses of bridge structures with double-column piers. Eng Struct 148:47–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.06.011
El-Bahey S, Bruneau M (2011) Buckling restrained braces as structural fuses for the seismic retrofit of reinforced concrete bridge bents. Eng Struct 33:1052–1061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.12.027
Fujikura S, Bruneau M (2012) Dynamic analysis of multihazard-resistant bridge piers having concrete-filled steel tube under blast loading. J Bridge Eng 17:249–258. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000270
Fulmer SJ, Nau JM, Kowalsky MJ et al (2016) Development of a ductile steel bridge substructure system. J Constr Steel Res 118:194–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.012
GB 50009–2012 (2012) Load code for the design of building structures. MOHURD, Beijing
GB 50010 (2010) Code for design of concrete structures. Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing
GB 50017 (2017) Code for design of steel structures. Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing
GB 50936–2014 (2014) Technical code for concrete filled steel tubular structures. MOHURD, China
GB, T 50081–2016 (2016) Standard for test method of mechanical properties on ordinary concrete. MOHURD, Beijing
GB, T228-2002 (2002) Metallic materials-tensile testing at ambient temperature. China Standards Press, Beijing
Han LH (2007) Concrete-filled steel tubular structures-Theory and practice (second version). China Science Press, Beijing
Han LH, Yao GH, Tao Z (2007) Performance of concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubes under pure torsion. Thin-Walled Struct 45:24–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2007.01.008
Han LH, Li W, Bjorhovde R (2014) Developments and advanced applications of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) structures: members. J Constr Steel Res 100:211–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.04.016
Ichikawa S, Matsuzaki H, Moustafa A et al (2016) Seismic-resistant bridge columns with ultrahigh-performance concrete segments. J Bridge Eng 21:04016049. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000898
JGJ, T 101–2015 (2015) Specification for seismic test of buildings. Architecture Industrial Press of China, Beijing
JGJ, T-281-2012 (2012) Technical specification for application of high strength concrete. MOHURD, Beijing
JTG, T B02–01-2008 (2008) Guidelines for seismic design of highway bridges. Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing
Li W, Han LH (2011) Seismic performance of CFST column to steel beam joints with RC slab: analysis. J Constr Steel Res 67:127–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.07.002
Li JH, Su RKL, Chandler AM (2003) Assessment of low-rise building with transfer beam under seismic forces. Eng Struct 25:1537–1549. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(03)00121-4
Li GC, Chen BW, Yang ZJ et al (2018) Experimental and numerical behaviour of eccentrically loaded high strength concrete filled high strength square steel tube stub columns. Thin-Walled Struct 127:483–499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.02.024
Mohebbi A, Saiidi MS, Itani A (2015) Seismic evaluation of a precast PT/UHPC bridge column with pocket connection and precast footing. In: 2015 National accelerated bridge construction conference. Miami (USA)
Montejo L, Gonzalez-Roman LA, Kowalsky M (2012) Seismic performance evaluation of reinforced concrete-filled steel tube pile/column bridge bents. J Earthq Eng 16:401–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2011.614678
Nie JG, Pan WH, Tao MX et al (2017) Experimental and numerical investigations of composite frames with innovative composite transfer beams. J Struct Eng 143:04017041. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001776
NZS 1170.5 (2004) Structural design actions part 5: earthquake actions-New Zealand—commentary. Standards New Zealand, Wellington
Roeder CW, Stephens MT, Lehman DE (2018) Concrete filled steel tubes for bridge pier and foundation construction. Int J Steel Struct 18:39–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13296-018-0304-7
Sakino K, Nakahara H, Morino S et al (2004) Behavior of centrally loaded concrete-filled steel-tube short columns. J Struct Eng 130:180–188. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:2(180)
Shahnewaz MD, Rteil A, Alam MS (2012) Seismic effects on deep beams in a reinforced concrete building. In: 3rd international structural specialty conference. Edmonton (Canada)
Stephens MT, Lehman DE, Roeder CW (2018) Seismic performance modeling of concrete-filled steel tube bridges: tools and case study. Eng Struct 165:88–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.03.019
Su RKL, Chandler AM, Lam NTK (2002) Seismic assessment of transfer plate high rise buildings. Struct Eng Mech 14:287–306. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2002.14.3.287
Tao MX, Fan JS, Nie JG (2013) Seismic behavior of steel reinforced concrete column–steel truss beam hybrid joints. Eng Struct 56:1557–1569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.07.029
Wang W, Chen YY, Dong BP et al (2011) Experimental behavior of transfer story connections for high-rise SRC structures under seismic loading. Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn 40:961–975. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1067
Wang Z, Wang JQ, Liu TX et al (2016) Modeling seismic performance of high-strength steel–ultra-high-performance concrete piers with modified Kent–Park model using fiber elements. Adv Mech Eng 8:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/1687814016633411
Wu Y, Cai J, Yang C et al (2011) Mechanical behaviours and engineering application of steel truss reinforced concrete transfer beam in tall buildings. Struct Des Tall Spec Build 20:735–746. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.589
Zhao B, Taucer F, Rossetto T (2009) Field investigation on the performance of building structures during the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China. Eng Struct 31:1707–1723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.02.039
Zhou L, Su YS (2018) Cyclic loading test on beam-to-column connections connecting SRRAC beams to RACFST columns. Int J Civ Eng 16(11):1533–1548. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-018-0288-x
Acknowledgements
The authors of this paper acknowledge the partial financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51468003; Committee of NCFC) and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No. 20134501110001).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhou, L., Su, Ys. Experimental and Numerical Studies on Seismic Behavior of Composite Frames with Initial Heavy Load Conditions. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Civ Eng 44, 533–547 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-019-00252-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-019-00252-4