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Molecular Organization of Yeast Cell Envelope

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Abstract

This review summarizes the main achievements of recent years in molecular organization research of yeast cell surface, i.e., the compartment that consists of the coordinately functioning plasma membrane, periplasmic space, and cell wall. There are data on vesicular transport to the external environment through the cell wall and the formation of channels in the wall, which indicate the possibility of dynamic rearrangements of the molecular structure of the yeast cell wall. There is an idea about the mosaic arrangement of the compartments of the plasma membrane. The hypothesis has been suggested on the heterogeneity of the molecular structure of the cell wall, which is usually considered as uniform except for the budding zones. The groups of proteins that form the molecular assembly of the yeast cell surface have been described. Special attention has been paid for proteins with amyloid properties, including Bgl2p glucanosyltransglycosylase, which is important for virulence in pathogenic yeast, and Gas1p, the first of the studied proteins of the cell surface, which is involved in the regulation of ribosomal DNA transcriptional silencing. The data on the structure of receptors localized on the cell surface and the “moonlight” proteins, involved in the cell stress response of yeasts, have been given.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors thank the University of Rostock (Germany) for providing the basis for the microphotograph (Fig. 1) together with S.A. Kuznetcov and Visual Science Company for the graphic design of Fig. 2.

Funding

The work was supported by grant no. 18-34-00915mol_а from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research.

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  1. Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    T. S. Kalebina & V. V. Rekstina

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  1. T. S. Kalebina
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Correspondence to T. S. Kalebina.

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Dedicated to the memory of our teacher Igor Stepanovich Kulaev

Translated by A. Levina

Abbreviations: Als, proteins that contain agglutinin-like sequences; ASL, alkali-soluble linkage proteins that are associated with the cell wall; GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinositol; MCC, membrane compartment of Can1; MCP, membrane compartment of Pma1; SEP, SDS/β-mercaptoethanol extractable proteins.

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Kalebina, T.S., Rekstina, V.V. Molecular Organization of Yeast Cell Envelope. Mol Biol 53, 850–861 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026893319060062

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