Abstract
In the near future, the upcoming Navigation through Indian Constellation (NavIC) system will be used for navigation services in India. All services provided by the NavIC receiver must be reliable and resistant to threats. Therefore, the real-time NavIC signal is examined under intentional software defined radio based chirp-jamming by different methods. Since the NavIC signal is available for all the time, jamming scenario has been analysed through power spectral density by calculating the spectral energy distribution per unit time. Furthermore, the received signal is examined through the auto-correlation function and the signal strength monitored at receiver. The dynamic jamming scenario is used for survey and lead to the main observations. For example, the satellites IRNSS-1E, 1F and 1G are more susceptible to interference in such scenario and if the dynamic receiver is closer to interference source, the jammer becomes a serious threat which can block the NavIC signal.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Axell E, Eklöf FM, Johansson P, Alexandersson M, Akos DM (2015) Jamming detection in GNSS receivers: performance evaluation of field trials. Navig J Inst Navig 62(1):73–82
Bauernfeind R, Eissfeller B (2014) Software-defined radio based roadside jammer detector: architecture and results. In: Presented at position, location and navigation symposium-PLANS (IEEE/ION). pp 1293–1300
Bhuiyan MZ, Kuusniemi H, Söderholm S, Airos E (2014) The impact of interference on GNSS receiver observables—a running digital sum based simple jammer detector. Radio Eng 23(3):898–906
Borio D, O’Driscoll C, Fortuny J (2013) Jammer impact on Galileo and GPS receivers. In: Presented at localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS) international conference (IEEE). pp 1–6
Borio D, Gioia C, Dimc F, Bazec M, Fortuny J, Baldini G, Basso M (2015) An experimental evaluation of the GNSS jamming threat. In: Presented at the 24th electro-technical and computer conference ERK. pp 269–272
Craven P, Wong R, Fedora N, Crampton P (2013) Studying the effects of interference on GNSS signals. In: Presented at international technical meeting. The Institute of Navigation, San Diego, California
Dimc F, Bažec M, Borio D, Gioia C, Baldini G, Basso M (2017) An experimental evaluation of low-cost GNSS jamming sensors. Navig J Inst Navig 64(1):93–109
Fadaei N (2016). Detection, characterization and mitigation of GNSS jamming interference using pre-correlation methods. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Calgary, Alberta
Foucras M, Leclère J, Botteron C, Julien O, Macabiau C, Farine PA, Ekambi B (2017) Study on the cross-correlation of GNSS signals and typical approximations. GPS Solut 21(2):293–306
Gao GX, Gunning K, Walter T, Enge P (2012) Impact of personal privacy devices for WAAS aviation users. In: Proceedings of the 25th international technical meeting of the satellite division of the institute of navigation (ION GNSS). pp 235–241
Isoz O, Akos D, Lindgren T, Sun CC, Jan SS (2011) Assessment of GPS L1/Galileo E1 interference monitoring system for the airport environment. In: Presented at institute of navigation GPS GNSS conference. vol 3, pp 1920–1930
ISRO ICD (2017) Indian regional navigation satellite system, signal in space ICD, for standard positioning service, version 1.1
Kraus T, Bauernfeind R, Eissfeller B (2011) Survey of in-car jammers-analysis and modeling of the RF signals and IF samples (suitable for active signal cancelation). In: Proceedings of ION GNSS. pp 20:23
Lineswala PL, Shah SN (2018) In future internet technologies and trends. In: Patel Z, Gupta S (eds) Social informatics and telecommunications engineering. Lecture notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, (Designing of SDR based malicious act: IRNSS jammer), vol 220. Springer, Cham, pp 237–246
Mack CA (2011) Analytic form for the power spectral density in one, two, and three dimensions. J Micro Nanolithogr MEMS MOEMS 10(4):040501–040502
Mitch RH, Dougherty RC, Psiaki ML, Powell SP, O’Hanlon BW (2011) Signal characteristics of civil GPS jammers. In: Proceedings of radio navigation laboratory conference
Moussa MM, Osman A, Tamazin M, Korenberg M, Noureldin A (2017) Enhanced GPS narrowband jamming detection using high-resolution spectral estimation. NavINST Res Group GPS Solut 21(2):475–485
Pärlin K, Alam MM, Le Moullec Y (2018) Jamming of UAV remote control systems using software defined radio. In: Presented at international conference on military communications and information systems (ICMCIS) (IEEE). pp 1–6
Roberts GW, Tang X (2017) The use of PSD analysis on BeiDou and GPS 10 Hz dynamic data for change detection. Adv Space Res 59(11):2794–2808
Shamaei K, Khalife J, Kassas ZM (2018) Pseudorange and multipath analysis of positioning with LTE secondary synchronization signals. In: Presented at wireless communications and networking conference (WCNC) (IEEE). pp 1–6
Wang P, Cetin E, Dempster AG, Wang Y, Wu S (2017) Time frequency and statistical inference based interference detection technique for GNSS receivers. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst 53(6):2865–2876
Wesson KD, Gross JN, Humphreys TE, Evans BL (2018) GNSS signal authentication via power and distortion monitoring. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst 54(2):739–754
Zaminpardaz S, Teunissen P, Nadarajah N (2017) IRNSS/NavIC and GPS: a single-and dual-system L5 analysis. J Geodesy 91(8):915–931
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the SAC, ISRO under current project ‘SIRMI-Strengthening IRNSS Receiver by Mitigation of Interference’. We are highly obliged with the technical help of scientists (ISRO) and my colleagues for data collection during the experiment.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lineswala, P.L., Shah, S.N. Review of NavIC signals under class II jamming based on power and auto-correlation function monitoring. Acta Geod Geophys 54, 359–371 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40328-019-00261-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40328-019-00261-9