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Combustion Characteristics and Pollutants in the Flue Gas During Shoe Manufacturing Waste Combustion in a 2.5 MWth Pilot-Scale Circulating Fluidized Bed

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Abstract

Shoe manufacturing waste (SMW) was combusted in a 2.5 MWth pilot-scale circulating fluidized bed combustor (CFBC) to demonstrate the feasibility of energy recovery and provide useful information for a fluidized bed combustor design specifically for this waste. The experimental results confirmed that the stable combustion could be achieved in this CFBC with a constant feed flow rate of 400 kg/h, a primary air flow rate of about 1650 Nm3/h and a second air flow rate of about 1800 Nm3/h. The pollutants in the flue gas (ITFG) were measured with the average values of CO2 at 9.9%, CO at 2145.04 ppm, NOx at 81.67 ppm, SO2 at 32.62 ppm, HCl at 3.12 ppm, HF at 0.57 ppm, Pb at 0.0029 mg/m3, Cd < 0.001 mg/m3, Hg at 20.938 ng/Nm3, and PCDD/ PCDF at 1.17E−03 ng TEQ/m3, respectively. CO and SO2 emissions exceeded the legal limits in China, while the combustion efficiency was relatively low. Therefore, in order to meet the CO emission limit, some useful suggestions were put forward for the future CFBC design to burn SMW. A flue gas desulfurization system is essential to reduce the SO2 emission. Very low Cu content, high level of residual carbon in the fly ash and high SO2 concentration ITFG resulted in low PCDD/PCDF emission.

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Abbreviations

SMW:

Shoe manufacturing waste

CFB:

Circulating fluidized bed

FBC:

Fluidized bed combustor

CFBC:

Circulating fluidized bed combustor

ITFG:

In the flue gas

PCDD:

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin

PCDF:

Polychlorinated dibenzo-furan

MSW:

Municipal solid waste

PLC:

Programmable logic controller

IBHX:

In-bed heat exchanger

LHV:

Low heating value

V:

Volatile matter

FC:

Fixed carbon

Moist:

Moisture

\(\rho\) :

The emission concentration at baseline oxygen content, mg/m3

\({\rho _0}\) :

The emission concentration of actual site measurements, mg/m3

\({\varphi _0}\left( {{O_2}} \right)\) :

The initial oxygen content of combustion-supporting gas, %

\(\varphi ^{\prime}({O_2})\) :

The oxygen content of actual site measurements, %

X:

The mass concentrate of the pollutant emission in the flue gas, mg/m3

v:

The volume concentrate of the pollutant emission in the flue gas, ppm

MW:

The molecular mass of gas

CO (%):

The percentages of CO in the flue gas

CO2 (%):

The percentages of CO2 in the flue gas

PAH:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

CP:

Chlorophenol

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51676040, 51476031). The authors would also like to acknowledge the provision of a scholarship to Mr. Changqi Liu by the China Scholarship Council (CSC) which enables him to be able to complete part of the reported work at the University of Nottingham.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China

    Changqi Liu, Yaji Huang, Lu Dong, Lunbo Duan, Ligang Xu & Yongxing Wang

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  1. Changqi Liu
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  2. Yaji Huang
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  3. Lu Dong
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Liu, C., Huang, Y., Dong, L. et al. Combustion Characteristics and Pollutants in the Flue Gas During Shoe Manufacturing Waste Combustion in a 2.5 MWth Pilot-Scale Circulating Fluidized Bed. Waste Biomass Valor 11, 1603–1614 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0476-6

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