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Ginkgo leaf cuticle chemistry across changing pCO2 regimes

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Abstract

Cuticles have been a key part of palaeobotanical research since the mid-19th Century. Recently, cuticular research has moved beyond morphological traits to incorporate the chemical signature of modern and fossil cuticles, with the aim of using this as a taxonomic and classification tool. For this approach to work, cuticle chemistry would have to maintain a strong taxonomic signal, with a limited input from the ambient environment in which the plant grew. Here, we use attenuated total reflectance Fourier Transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to analyse leaf cuticles from Ginkgo biloba plants grown in experimentally enhanced CO2 conditions, to test for the impact of changing CO2 regimes on cuticle chemistry. We find limited evidence for an impact of CO2 on the chemical signature of Ginkgo cuticles, with more pronounced differences demonstrated between the abaxial (lower leaf surface) and adaxial (upper leaf surface) cuticles. These findings support the use of chemotaxonomy for plant cuticular remains across geological timescales, and the concomitant large-scale variations in CO2 concentrations.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Benjamin Bomfleur, Michael Krings and Christian Pott for the invitation to contribute to this special issue of PalZ, and Hans Kerp for his many years of research into the interpretation and use of cuticlar remains. We also thank Vivi Vajda and one anonymous reviewer for their reviews, and Benjamin Bomfleur and Mike Reich for editorial comments. This research was supported by the Palaeontological Association (PEJ: PA-RG201802) and the Natural Environment Research Council (BHL, WTF, MK: NE/R001324/1; WTF: NE/P013724/1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany

    Phillip E. Jardine

  2. Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK

    Matthew Kent & Barry H. Lomax

  3. Geography, Department of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK

    Wesley T. Fraser

Authors
  1. Phillip E. Jardine
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  2. Matthew Kent
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  3. Wesley T. Fraser
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  4. Barry H. Lomax
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Phillip E. Jardine.

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Handling Editor: Benjamin Bomfleur.

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Jardine, P.E., Kent, M., Fraser, W.T. et al. Ginkgo leaf cuticle chemistry across changing pCO2 regimes. PalZ 93, 549–558 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-019-00486-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-019-00486-7

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