Abstract
Many hymenopteran parasitoids are known as biocontrol agents, such as Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), which is known to parasitize larvae and pupae of coleopteran pests including Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Ptinidae). The success of these parasitoids is related to their searching ability, which is mediated through chemical stimuli of the habitat, food, and the progeny of the host itself. This study aimed to assess the chemotaxic responses of A. calandrae comparing the reproductive state of the insects and the experience of wasp females, to different development stages (larvae and pupae) and the presence or absence of the host diet. The chemotaxic responses of A. calandrae individuals at 2 to 4 days old were assessed in a “Y” type olfactometer. Virgin and paired females (without and with previous experience of parasitism) were exposed to larvae of last instar contrasted with pupae and to the diet of L. serricorne. Both virgin and mated males were tested only for diet. Virgin females showed a preference for the diet in contrast to the larvae and to the pupae in contrast to the diet. Paired females without experience choose larvae over diet and made no distinction between pupae and diet. Experienced mated females showed preference for the host to which it had access before, instead of any other alternative option, indicating that there may be changes in the preference through learning.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Paula Nicolay for the assistance in text review and Camila Corrêa Vargas for the assistance with the statistical analysis, and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for the master’s degree and DTI-C (306435/2015-2) scholarships granted to the first author.
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Eduarda Bender, Simone Mundstock Jahnke, and Andreas Köhler planned this work; Eduarda Bender executed the experimental work; Eduarda Bender and Simone Mundstock Jahnke conducted the data analyses; and Eduarda Bender, Simone Mundstock Jahnke, and Andreas Köhler wrote the manuscript.
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Bender, E., Jahnke, S.M. & Köhler, A. Chemotaxic Responses of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to Odors of Larvae, Pupae, and the Diet of Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Ptinidae). Neotrop Entomol 49, 171–178 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-019-00742-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-019-00742-0