Skip to main content
Log in

Management and Cultivation of the Huaya India (Melicoccus oliviformis Kunth) on the Yucatan Peninsula

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Economic Botany Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The domestication of plants, an evolutionary process of importance worldwide, has been widely studied in annual species but very little in perennial species, especially fruit trees. Most studies of domestication have focused on the comparison of morphological characteristics between wild and cultivated populations and on patterns of evolution of phenotypic characteristics that are under selection, known as the domestication syndrome. The objective of this research was to investigate the domestication status of populations of Huaya India (Melicoccus oliviformis, Sapindaceae) in the Yucatan Peninsula using ethnobotanical and morphological evidence. The species is cultivated in both rural and urban communities in this area, and wild populations of Huaya India are found surrounding these sites. We gathered ethnobotanical data by conducting semi-structured interviews and through participatory observation. For each fruit, sugar content and morphological characteristics were measured in situ. The results show the Huaya India presents minimal differences between wild and cultivated fruits in characteristics that are often associated with domestication (weight, length, fruit diameter, exocarp thickness, and sugar content). We attribute these results to the unconscious management to which this species has been and continues to be subjected by the inhabitants of the Maya communities, but further study is needed to determine the extent to which the observed differences reflect genetic differences due to human selection, environmental effects, or a combination of the two.

La domesticación de las plantas, un proceso evolutivo de importancia mundial, ha sido ampliamente estudiado en especies anuales pero muy poco en especies perennes, especialmente árboles frutales. La mayoría de los estudios de domesticación se han centrado en la comparación de las características morfológicas entre las poblaciones silvestres y cultivadas y en los patrones de evolución de las características fenotípicas que se encuentran bajo selección, conocido como el síndrome de domesticación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar el estado de domesticación de la Huaya India (Melicoccus oliviformis, Sapindaceae) en la Península de Yucatán, utilizando evidencia etnobotánica y morfológica. Esta especie es cultivada en las comunidades rurales y urbanas de esta área, y sus poblaciones silvestres se encuentran alrededor de las comunidades rurales. Se obtuvieron datos etnobotánicos mediante entrevistas semi-estructuradas y la observación participativa. Para cada fruto, el contenido de azúcar y las características morfológicas se midieron in situ. Los resultados muestran que la huaya india presenta diferencias mínimas entre los frutos silvestres y cultivados en características que a menudo se asocian con la domesticación (peso, longitud, diámetro del fruto, grosor de exocarpo y contenido de azúcar). Atribuimos nuestros resultados a la selección inconsciente a la que esta especie ha sido y sigue siendo sometida por los habitantes de las comunidades Mayas, pero se necesitan más estudios para determinar en qué medida las diferencias observadas reflejan diferencias genéticas debido a la selección humana, efectos ambientales, o una combinación de ambos factores.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature Cited

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. 2003. Mellicocceae (Sapindaceae): Melicoccus and Talisia. Flora Neotropical Monograph 87. New York: Botanical Garden Bronx.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams, E. and T. P. Culbert. 1977. The origins of civilization in the Maya Lowlands. In: The origins of Maya civilization, ed. R. E. W. Adams, 3–34. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bugaud, C., A. Etienne, D. Mbéguié-A-Mbéguié, P. Cazevielle, and P. Lobit. 2013. Modelling pH and titratable acidity in banana fruit based on acid and mineral composition. Acta Horticulturae 1012: 1223–1228.

  • Caballero, J., A. Casas, L. Cortés, and C. Mapes. 1998. Patrones en el conocimiento, uso y manejo de plantas en pueblos indígenas de México. Estudios Atacameños 16: 181–195.

  • Casas, A. and J. Caballero. 1995. Domesticación de plantas y origen de la agricultura en Mesoamérica. Ciencias 40: 36–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———, C. Mapes, and S. Zárate. 1997. Manejo de la vegetación, domesticación de plantas y origen de la agricultura en Mesoamérica. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México 61: 31–47.

  • Clement, C. R. 1999. 1492 and the loss of Amazonian crop genetic resources. I. The relation between domestication and human population decline. Economic Botany 53: 188–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colunga-García Marín, P. and D. Zizumbo-Villarreal. 2004. Domestication of plants in Maya Lowlands. Economic Botany 58 (supplement): S101–S110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, J. 2002. Evolution, consequences and future of plant and animal domestication. Nature 418: 700–707.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duch-Gary, J. 1991. Physiography of the state of Yucatan: Its relationship with agriculture. Chapingo, Texcoco, Mexico.

  • Gaut, B. S., C. M. Díez, and P. L. Morrell. 2015. Genomics and the contrasting dynamics of annual and perennial domestication. Trends in Genetics 31(12): 709–719.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gepts, P. A. 2008. Tropical environments, biodiversity, and the origin of crops. Genomics of Tropical Crop Plants 1–20.

  • ———. 2014. The contribution of genetic and genomic approaches to plant domestication studies. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 18: 51–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hammer, Ø., D. A. T. Harper, and P. D. Ryan. 2001. PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica 4: 9–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harlan, J. R. 1992. Crops and man. Madison, Wisconsin: American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America.

  • Jiménez-Rojas, M. I., J. Martínez-Castillo, D. Potter, G. R. Dzib, H. Ballina-Goméz, L. Latournerie-Moreno, and R. H. Andueza-Noh. 2018. Morphological diversity of Huaya India fruits (Melicoccus oliviformis Kunth) in the Maya Lowlands. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-018-00731-z.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khadivi-Khub, A., H. R. Jafari, and Z. Zamani. 2013. Phenotypic and genotypic variation in Iranian sour and duke cherries. Trees 27: 1455–1466.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———, A. Salimpour, and M. Rasouli. 2014. Analysis of grape germplasm from Iran based on fruit characteristics. Revista Brasileira de Botânica 37: 105–113. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-014-0054-5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lascurain, M., S. Avendaño, S. Del Amo, and A. Niembro. 2010. Guía de frutos silvestres comestibles en Veracruz. Fondo sectorial para la investigación, el desarrollo y la innovación tecnológica forestal, Conafor-Conacyt, México.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levene, H. 1960. Robust tests for quality of variances. Contributions to probability and statistics: Essays in honor of Harold Hotelling. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lins Neto, E. M. F. 2008. Usos tradicionais e manejo incipiente de Spondias tuberosa Arruda no semi-árido do Nordeste do Brasil. Dissertation, (Recife [PE]), Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco.

  • Martin, G. 1997. Ethnobotany. Principles and practices. London: UICN Plants and Peoples.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKey, D., M. Elias, B. Pujol, and A. Duputié. 2010. The evolutionary ecology of clonally propagated domesticated plants. The New Phytologist 186(2): 318–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, R. S., A. E. DuVal, and H. R. Jensen. 2012. Patterns and processes in crop domestication: An historical review and quantitative analysis of 203 global food crops. The New Phytologist 196: 29–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ——— and M. D. Purugganan. 2013. Evolution of crop species: Genetics of domestication and diversification. Nature Reviews. Genetics 14: 840–852.

  • Miller, A. J. and B. L. Gross. 2011. From forest to field: Perennial fruit crop domestication. American Journal of Botany 98(9): 389–414.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ——— and B. A. Schaal. 2006. Domestication and the distribution of genetic variation in wild and cultivated populations of the Mesoamerican fruit tree Spondias purpurea L. (Anarcardiaceae). Molecular Ecology 15: 1467–1480.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Munsell. 1976. Munsell color charts for plants tissues. New Windsor: Munsell Color Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, I. M., I. López, J. Petersen, N. Anaya, L. Cubilla-Rios, and D. Potter. 2010. Domestication syndrome in caimito (Chrysophyllum cainito L.): Fruit and seed characteristics. Economic Botany 64(2): 161–175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pedrosa, H. C., C. R. Clement, and J. Schietti. 2018. The domestication of the Amazon tree grape (Pourouma cecropiifolia) under an ecological lens. Frontiers in Plant Science 9: 203–217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pickersgill, B. 2009. Domestication of plants revisited Darwin to the present day. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161: 203–212.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanchez, A. C., S. De Smedt, N. Haq, and R. Samson. 2011. Comparative study on baobab fruit morphological variation between western and south-eastern Africa: Opportunities for domestication. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 58: 1143–1156.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vihotogbé, R., R. G. Van den Berg, and S. M. Marc. 2013. Morphological characterization of African bush mango trees (Irvingia species) in West Africa. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 60: 1597–1614.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zohary, D. 2004. Unconscious selection and the evolution of domesticated plants. Economic Botany 58: 5–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ——— and P. Spiegel-Roy. 1975. Beginnings of fruit growing in the Old World. Science 187(4174): 319–327.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors thank UC MEXUS-CONACYT Mexico for the economic support to carry out this research. The first author thanks CONACYT-Mexico for the scholarship for her postgraduate studies. DP’s contributions were partly supported by funding from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project number CA-D-PLS-6273-H. The authors thank Gabriel R. Dzib for the support obtained in the field.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniel Potter.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Electronic Supplementary Material

ESM 1

(DOCX 18 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jiménez-Rojas, M.I., Andueza-Noh, R.H., Martínez-Castillo, J. et al. Management and Cultivation of the Huaya India (Melicoccus oliviformis Kunth) on the Yucatan Peninsula. Econ Bot 73, 429–442 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-019-09470-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-019-09470-3

Key Words

Navigation