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Cryopreservation of dormant orthodox seeds of forest trees: mazzard cherry (Prunus avium L.)

La cryoconservation des semences dormantes orthodoxes des arbres forestiers : le merisier (Prunus avium L.)

Annals of Forest Science volume 66, page 405 (2009)Cite this article

Abstract

  • • The sensitivity of dormant seeds of mazzard cherry (Prunus avium L.) of Polish provenances to extreme desiccation and/or the ultra-low temperature of liquid nitrogen, LN (−196 °C), was investigated to identify the optimum seed water content (w.c.) at this temperature.

  • • Germination and seedling emergence tests in this study showed that there is no critical seed w.c. for deeply desiccated seeds (stone w.c. 1.6%), although such desiccated seeds were sensitive to the temperature of LN in the seedling emergence test. For seeds frozen in LN, the highest germinability was observed at w.c. of 9.0–16.9%, but seedling emergence was then significantly lower than in nonfrozen seeds. The 2-year of storage in LN of seeds desiccated to 7.8% w.c. did not decrease germinability after thawing, in comparison with 2-year of storage at −3 °C. Storage in LN showed that if seeds were stored after breaking of their dormancy, germinability after storage was lower because of the necessity of seed desiccation to the lower level (∼ 8%) of w.c. after stratification (before storage). Secondary dormancy was induced in seeds desiccated after stratification.

  • • The results of this study demonstrate the potential for long-term cryopreservation of mazzard cherry seeds in forest gene banks.

Résumé

  • • La sensibilité des semences dormantes de merisier (Prunus avium L.) de provenances polonaise à l’extrême dessiccation et/ou à l’ultra-basse température de l’azote liquide, LN (−196 °C), a été étudiée afin d’identifier l’optimum de teneur en eau (w.c.) des semences à cette température.

  • • Les tests de germination et émergence des plantules dans cette étude ont montré qu’il n’y a pas de teneur en eau critique (w.c.) pour les semences profondément déshydratées (teneur en eau 1,6 %), bien que ces graines desséchées soient sensibles à la température de la LN dans le test d’émergence des plantules. Pour les semences congelées dans LN, la plus forte capacité de germination a été observée à une teneur en eau de 9,0–16,9 %, mais l’émergence des semis a ensuite été beaucoup plus faible que dans les semences non congelées. Deux ans de stockage LN pour les semences déshydraté à une teneur en eau de 7,8 % n’a pas diminué la capacité de germination après décongélation, en comparaison avec 2 ans de stockage à 3 °C. Le stockage en LN a montré que si les semences ont été stockées après la levée de leur dormance, leur capacité de germination après stockage a été plus faible en raison de la nécessité d’une dessiccation à un faible teneur en eau (∼ 8%) après stratification (avant stockage). Une dormance secondaire a été induite chez des semences déshydratées après stratification.

  • • Les résultats de cette étude démontrent le potentiel, pour une cryopréservation à long terme, des semences de merisier dans des banques forestières de gènes.

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  1. Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland

    Paweł Chmielarz

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  1. Paweł Chmielarz
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Chmielarz, P. Cryopreservation of dormant orthodox seeds of forest trees: mazzard cherry (Prunus avium L.). Ann. For. Sci. 66, 405 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1051/forest/2009020

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Annals of Forest Science

ISSN: 1297-966X