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Downregulation of SlGRAS15 manipulates plant architecture in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

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Abstract

GRAS family transcription factors (TF) are involved in multiple biological processes in plants. In recent years among the 54 identified GRAS proteins, only few have been studied functionally in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). In the present study, a novel and previously uncharacterized member of tomato GRAS transcription factors family SlGRAS15 was isolated and functionally characterized. It was observed that SlGRAS15 preferably expressed in roots, followed by young leaves, stem, and comparatively low transcripts levels were noticed in all other tissues. To explore the SlGRAS15 function in detail, an RNA interference (RNAi) vector targeting SlGRAS15 was constructed and transformed into tomato plants. The transgenic plants carrying SlGRAS15-RNAi displayed pleiotropic phenotypes associated with multiple agronomical traits including reduced plant height and small leaf size with pointed margins, increased node number, lateral shoots, and petiolules length. In addition, transcriptional analysis revealed that silencing SlGRAS15 altered vegetative growth by downregulating gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis genes and stimulating the GA deactivating genes, thus lowering the endogenous GA content in tomato transgenic lines. Moreover, the GA signaling downstream gene (SlGAST1) was downregulated but the negative regulator of GA signaling (SlDELLA) was upregulated by SlGRAS15 silencing. The root and hypocotyl length in SlGRAS15-RNAi lines showed reduced growth under normal conditions (Mock) as compared with the wild type (WT) control plants. Taken together, these findings enhanced our understanding that suppression of SlGRAS15 lead to a series of developmental processes by modulating gibberellin signaling and demonstrate an association between the SlGRAS15 and GA signaling pathway during vegetative growth in tomato.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Professor Guoping Chen and Zongli Hu for conceiving this work. We especially thank Rafia Muqarab for her technical assistance throughout the preparation of this manuscript.

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  1. Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China

    Muhammad Naeem, Zhiguo Zhu & Lincheng Zhang

  2. School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Huxi Campus, Daxuecheng, Shapingba, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China

    Muhammad Waseem

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  1. Muhammad Naeem
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M.N designed and managed the research; M.N., M.W., Z.Z., and L.Z performed research and revised the manuscript; M.N. wrote the paper. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Muhammad Naeem.

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Naeem, M., Waseem, M., Zhu, Z. et al. Downregulation of SlGRAS15 manipulates plant architecture in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Dev Genes Evol 230, 1–12 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00427-019-00643-7

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