Abstract
The voltage-gated chloride channel (CLC) superfamily is one of the most important anion channels that is widely distributed in bacteria and plants. CLC is involved in transporting various anions such as chloride (Cl-) and fluoride (F-) in and out of cells. Although Camellia sinensis is a hyper-accumulated F plant, there is no studies on the CLC gene superfamily in the tea plant. Here, 8 CLC genes were identified from C. sinensis and they were named CsCLC1-8. The structure of CsCLC genes and the proteins were not conserved; the number of exons varied from 3 to 24, and the number of transmembrane domains contained 2 to 10. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis revealed that CsCLC4-8 in subclass I contained the typical conserved domains GxGIPE (I), GKxGPxxH (II) and PxxGxLF (III), and CsCLC1-3 in subclass II did not contain any of the three conserved residues. We measured the expression levels of CsCLCs in roots, stems and leaves to assess the responses to different concentrations of Cl- and F-. The result indicated that CsCLCs participated in subfunctionalization in response to Cl- and F-, and CsCLC1-3 was more sensitive to F- treatments than CsCLC4-8, CsCLC6 and CsCLC7 may participate in absorption and long-distance transport of Cl-.
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Acknowledgments
We thank to all the colleagues who have provided materials and experiments for this review. We acknowledged the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31972458, 31770733), the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-19), and the earmarked fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System (JATS[2018]280) for the financial support.
Author contribution statements
Yuhua Wang, Xujun Zhu, and Wanping Fang designed the experiment; Anqi Xing, Zichen Wu, Shouhua Nong, and Jiaojiao Zhu performed the experiment; Yuanchun Ma, Hua Sun, Jing Tao, and Bo Wen analyzed the data; Anqi Xing wrote the paper; and Yuanchun Ma and Xiaocheng Li modified the paper.
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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31972458, 31770733), the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-19), and the earmarked fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System (JATS[2018]280).
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Anqi Xing and Yuanchun Ma contributed equally to this work.
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Xing, A., Ma, Y., Wu, Z. et al. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the CLC superfamily genes in tea plants (Camellia sinensis). Funct Integr Genomics 20, 497–508 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-019-00725-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-019-00725-9