Abstract
The electroporation of cells is nowadays used for a large variety of purposes, from basic research to cancer therapy and food processing. Understanding molecular mechanisms of the main processes involved in electroporation is thus of significant interest. In the present work, we propose an experimental system to record in real time the evolution of any cell parameter which can be evaluated by fluorescence (before, during and after application of the electroporation pulses to cells in suspension). The system is based on the design of adequate electroporation electrodes, compatible with a standard spectrofluorometer cuvette housing. The electric field intensity generated when pulses are applied was carefully characterized for different geometries of the electrodes, to choose a construction ensuring the greatest homogeneity of the field in combination with the best possible illumination of the sample. As an example of the method’s application, we present here generalized polarization kinetics for a varying number of electroporation pulses applied to a cell suspension; the general polarization parameter is strongly correlated to water presence in the hydrophobic membrane core. The system may be used for many other fluorescence measurements useful for the characterization of the electroporation process.
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Acknowledgement
This work was partly supported by Grant of Romanian Ministry of Research and Innovation, CCCDI-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0062/contract no.58/component projects no. 1 and 2, within PNCDI III. We thank Luminita C. Miclea and Christien Oktaviani Matei for valuable help in preparation of cultured cells. We also thank Iulia Tivig for helpful assistance in graphic design.
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Tivig, I., Savopol, T., Kovacs, E. et al. An experimental system for real-time fluorescence recordings of cell membrane changes induced by electroporation. Eur Biophys J 49, 105–111 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-019-01417-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-019-01417-9