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Energy and economic analysis of evaporative vacuum easy desalination system with brine tank

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Abstract

Nowadays, the freshwater is one of the most critical issues for humans. In this regard, desalination systems can be beneficial. In this research, at first different types of desalination systems and their governing equations is studied. Then the energy consumption of evaporative vacuum easy desalination system with brine tank is modeled. This modeling and the equations governing the energy consumption of new subsets such as the evaporator, condenser, vacuum pump, and other pumps are presented. In the end, the economic modeling of the system is investigated. The feasibility of using the system is reported in three cities (Abu Dhabi, Las Palmas, and Perth). The results shown that the annual operating cost of the pumps is estimated to be 0.19 M€ yr−1, 0.51 M€ yr−1 and 0.14 M€ yr−1 for Abu Dhabi and Las Palmas and Perth respectively. Also, the annual cost of fresh water production is compared with other reaches in these cities. The results are shown that Perth has the lowest cost of the fresh water output at 0.67 M€ yr−1 and Las Palmas has the highest cost of fresh water production with 0.104 M€ yr−1. The reason is the difference in the electricity prices in these cities.

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Abbreviations

A :

Active surface of the heat transfer (m2)

C f :

Heat capacity of feed water (J kg−1 K−1)

C p :

Heat capacity of the water at constant pressure (J kg−1 K−1)

C pl :

Heat capacity of saturated water (J kg−1 K−1)

C pd :

Heat capacity of distillated water (J kg−1 K−1)

C MED :

Cost of MED (€)

C cond :

Cost of condenser (€)

E :

Energy need to provide hot water (w)

G :

Gravity (m/s2)

H :

Average heat transfer coefficient (w M−2 k−1)

H b :

Enthalpy of brine (J kg−1)

H t :

Enthalpy of tank water (J kg−1)

H f :

Enthalpy of feed water (J kg−1)

H fg :

Heat of evaporation (J kg−1)

H fg2 :

Heat capacity of the water condensation (J kg−1)

H fgg :

Corrected value of the special water heat capacity (J kg−1)

Ja:

Jacobin coefficient

K l :

Temperature conductivity in saturated liquid state (W m−1 K−1)

L :

Length (m)

M 0b :

Brine flow rate (L h−1)

M 0c :

Cooling water flow rate (L h−1)

M 0f :

Feed water flow rate (L h−1)

M 0h :

Heating water flow rate (L h−1)

Mna-cl :

Mass of salt (g)

M T :

Tank flow (L)

AOClab :

Annual operative cost of labor

AOCheating-fluid :

Annual operative cost of heating fluid (€ yr−1)

TAC:

Total annual cost (€ yr−1)

Q :

Heat exchanged (J s−1)

S :

Salinity (g L−1)

T ambient :

Temperature of ambient (°C)

T h :

Temperature of heating water (°C)

T b :

Temperature of brine (°C)

T f :

Temperature of feed water (°C)

T s :

Temperature of surface (°C)

T sat :

Temperature of saturation (°C)

\(\rho l\) :

Density at saturated liquid (kg m−3)

\(\rho v\) :

Density at saturated vapor (kg m−3)

\(\mu l\) :

Dynamic viscosity at saturated liquid (Pa s)

\(\Delta {\text{TLMTD}}\) :

Logarithmic temperature difference (°C)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

    H. Kariman

  2. Centre for Asset Integrity Management, Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa

    S. Hoseinzadeh, P. S. Heyns & J. Wannenburg

  3. Young Researchers and Elite Club, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    S. Hoseinzadeh & A. Shirkhani

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  1. H. Kariman
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Correspondence to S. Hoseinzadeh.

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Kariman, H., Hoseinzadeh, S., Shirkhani, A. et al. Energy and economic analysis of evaporative vacuum easy desalination system with brine tank. J Therm Anal Calorim 140, 1935–1944 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08945-8

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