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High-performance biosensing based on autonomous enzyme-free DNA circuits

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Abstract

Nucleic acids are considered not only extraordinary carriers of genetic information but also are perceived as the perfect elemental materials of molecular recognition and signal transduction/amplification for assembling programmable artificial reaction networks or circuits, which are similar to conventional electronic logic devices. Among these sophisticated DNA-based reaction networks, catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), hybridization chain reaction (HCR), and DNAzyme represent the typical nonenzymatic amplification methods with high robustness and efficiency. Furthermore, their extensive hierarchically cascade integration into multi-layered autonomous DNA circuits establishes novel paradigms for constructing more different catalytic DNA nanostructures and for regenerating or replicating diverse molecular components with specific functions. Various DNA and inorganic nanoscaffolds have been used to realize the surface-confined DNA reaction networks with significant biomolecular sensing and signal-regulating functions in living cells. Especially, the specific aptamers and metal-ion-bridged duplex DNA nanostructures could extend their paradigms for detecting small molecules and proteins in even living entities. Herein, the varied enzyme-free DNA circuits are introduced in general with an extensive explanation of their underlying molecular reaction mechanisms. Challenges and outlook of the autonomous enzyme-free DNA circuits will also be discussed at the end of this chapter.

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Fig. 1

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [17]. Copyright 2009 American Chemical Society

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Reprinted with permission from Ref. [14]. Copyright 2008 Nature Publishing Group

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Reprinted with permission from Ref. [30]. Copyright 2012 Elsevier

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Reprinted with permission from Ref. [31]. Copyright 2016 Nature Publishing Group

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Reprinted with permission from Ref. [33]. Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society

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Reprinted with permission from Ref. [36]. Copyright 2017 Royal Society of Chemistry

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Reprinted with permission from Ref. [39]. Copyright 2015 American Chemical Society

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Reprinted with permission from Ref. [40]. Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society

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Reprinted with permission from Ref. [52]. Copyright 2009 American Chemical Society

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Reprinted with permission from Ref. [54]. Copyright 2016 American Chemical Society

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Reprinted with permission from Ref. [65]. Copyright 2018 Royal Society of Chemistry

Fig. 15

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [68]. Copyright 2019 Royal Society of Chemistry

Fig. 16

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [69]. Copyright 2019 Royal Society of Chemistry

Fig. 17

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [72]. Copyright 2018 Royal Society of Chemistry

Fig. 18

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [73]. Copyright 2011 American Chemical Society

Fig. 19

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [75]. Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society

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Fig. 21

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [78]. Copyright 2012 American Chemical Society

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 21874103), National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2015CB932601), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (nos. 2042018kf0210 and 2042019kf0206).

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  1. College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China

    Hong Wang, Huimin Wang & Fuan Wang

  2. Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

    Itamar Willner

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  1. Hong Wang
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  2. Huimin Wang
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Correspondence to Fuan Wang.

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Wang, H., Wang, H., Willner, I. et al. High-performance biosensing based on autonomous enzyme-free DNA circuits. Top Curr Chem (Z) 378, 20 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-020-0284-x

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