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Retrospect and prospects of secondary agriculture and bioprocessing

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Abstract

Secondary agriculture plays a significant role in making a positive impact on the country’s economy. It has potential to increase the value of primary agriculture. It ensures better utilization of renewable agro-bioresources either through value addition or waste utilization. Nurseries, bio-fertilizers, bio-pesticides, compost, fruit-processed products, agro-tourism, weaving, flavours, and dyes are some of the avenues of secondary agriculture. By-products from agricultural crops like wheat and rice bran, corn gluten meal and germ, pulses meal and husk, and sugarcane bagasse, if processed appropriately for deriving industrial products could pave a way in getting better economic returns from agriculture rather using them as livestock feed. Among food crops, major post-harvest losses (30–40%) occurs in fruits and vegetables; their waste being rich in several bioactive compounds possess great potential to be added as a polyphenol rich and fibre source in food products or for the synthesis of food-grade industrial products like ethanol, citric acid and pectin etc. Wastes from floriculture industries can also be utilised for the production of several value-added products such as biofuels, bio-ethanol, compost, organic acids, pigments and dyes, incense sticks, handmade paper production, and sugar syrup. Around the world, 80% of population is dependent on traditional medicine for health care needs. The secondary metabolites from medicinal plants possess pharmaceutical properties and advancement in extraction techniques can lead to novel range of herbal products of high economic value. The market potential of agro-produce seems to be naïve but opportunistic in near future. The advancement in technologies, equipments, and processes would enable enhanced secondary agriculture practices giving range of materials of better quality, yield, nutrition, and convenience. Hence, the potential of secondary agriculture and bioprocessing could be strong boost to the economy, societal status and environmental protection. In this article we have made an effort to understand the secondary agriculture, its potential to uplift the economy and strategies for value addition in different agricultural domains such as horticulture, floriculture and medicinal plants.

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Abbreviations

NIFTEM:

National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management

IICPT:

Indian Institute of Crop Processing Technology

CIAB:

Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB)

MT:

Metric tonne

CSIR:

Council for Scientific and Industrial Research

GRAS:

Generally Regarded As Safe (GRAS)

MAPs:

Medicinal and aromatic plants

API:

Active pharmaceutical ingredients

CPT:

Camptothecin

AIDS:

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

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Acknowledgements

The financial support from Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India is duly acknowledged. TRS is also thankful to the SERB—Department of Science and Technology, Govt of India for JC Bose National Fellowship.

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  1. Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India

    Sudesh Kumar Yadav, Baljinder Singh Kauldhar, Pankaj Preet Sandhu, Karnika Thakur,  Sucheta & T. R. Sharma

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  1. Sudesh Kumar Yadav
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  2. Baljinder Singh Kauldhar
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Yadav, S.K., Kauldhar, B.S., Sandhu, P.P. et al. Retrospect and prospects of secondary agriculture and bioprocessing. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 29, 1–14 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-020-00550-3

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