Archival ReportMaternal Effects as Causes of Risk for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Section snippets
Study Population
At birth, all Swedish residents are assigned a unique personal number that is used in all the national registries. Since 1973, all children born in Sweden have been recorded in the national Medical Birth Register together with birth characteristics of the children and mothers (37). The study population consists of all live-born singleton children born in Sweden between January 1, 1982, and December 31, 1990, with known father and mother as defined by the Medical Birth Register. Prospective
Results
The cohort contains 822,843 individuals, of which 7184 (0.87%) were diagnosed with OCD (60% female) using ICD-10 criteria (Table 1) followed from January 1997 through December 2013.
RRR was calculated for different relation types (Figure 1) using Cox proportional hazards regression. These analyses showed higher point estimates for maternal half-sibs compared with paternal half-sibs as well as higher RRR for maternal cousins compared with other cousins. Analysis of familial risk exhibited a
Discussion
In this cohort study of Swedish children born between January 1, 1982. and December 31, 1990, we found that genetic maternal effects contribute significantly to causes of risk for OCD. This is, to our knowledge, the first study to estimate this effect on risk for OCD and the first quantitative genetic study to identify a role for maternal effects in risk for any psychiatric disorder. Our results also demonstrate an association between parental factors and risk for OCD such as parental age,
Acknowledgments and Disclosures
This study was supported by grants from the Mindich Child Health and Development Institute (to DEG and SS), the Friedman Brain Institute (to DEG), and the Beatrice and Samuel A. Seaver Foundation (to DEG, SS, JDB, and BM), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; the Mindworks Charitable Lead Trust (to DEG); the Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (to DEG and JDB); and the National Institute of Mental Health (Grant No. R37MH057881 [to BD], Grant Nos. R01MH097849 and R01MH097849-S1 [to
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Prenatal and Early Childhood Infections and Subsequent Risk of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Tic Disorders: A Nationwide, Sibling-Controlled Study
2023, Biological PsychiatryCitation Excerpt :Fourth, in our sibling analyses comparing exposed with unexposed siblings within the same nuclear family, all associations attenuated to the null and were no longer significant, suggesting that unmeasured familial confounding largely explains the associations described in the population analyses. In line with our findings, a contributing role of shared maternal genetic effects in the OCD risk architecture has been suggested (43). Moreover, a familial link between OCD, TS/CTD, pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome, and autoimmune diseases has been well documented (28,45).
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