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Kawasaki Disease Associated with Pneumococcal Infection

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Abstract

We report a case of a 15-month-old Japanese girl with Kawasaki disease (KD) associated with bacteremia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) 12F (a nonvaccine serotype). The patient had completed the pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate vaccination according to the immunization schedule for children in Japan. She presented at the emergency department of our hospital with fever for 3 days and all other KD symptoms and was admitted. Despite the detection of S. pneumoniae 12F in the blood culture on admission, initial treatment for KD with 2 g/kg of intravenous immunoglobulin and 30 mg/kg/day of oral aspirin without antibiotic administration improved both KD symptoms and bacteremia. The patient did not develop coronary aneurysm. Even though there were no reports of KD with bacteremia caused by S. pneumoniae (except in our case), the presence of bacteremia may not affect the treatment response or coronary artery outcome if KD is appropriately treated.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful for technical assistance for analyzing the serotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae at Yokohama City Institute of Health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan

    Yoshitaka Watanabe

  2. Children Medical Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Chigasaki-chuo 35-1, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 224-8503, Japan

    Yoshitaka Watanabe, Kimiko Honda & Takashi Soga

  3. Children Medical Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, 5-1-38 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8577, Japan

    Yoshifusa Abe & Yoh Umeda

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  1. Yoshitaka Watanabe
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  2. Kimiko Honda
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  3. Yoshifusa Abe
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  4. Takashi Soga
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  5. Yoh Umeda
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Correspondence to Yoshifusa Abe.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care were followed. Informed consent was obtained from the patient’s parents under ethical approval (The Ethics Committee of Showa University School of Medicine, No. 19 T7021).

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Watanabe, Y., Honda, K., Abe, Y. et al. Kawasaki Disease Associated with Pneumococcal Infection. SN Compr. Clin. Med. 2, 108–110 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42399-019-00196-w

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