Abstract
The diffusive behavior of nanoparticles inside porous materials is attracting a lot of interest in the context of understanding, modeling, and optimization of many technical processes. A very powerful technique for characterizing the diffusive behavior of particles in free media is dynamic light scattering (DLS). The applicability of the method in porous media is considered, however, to be rather difficult due to the presence of multiple sources of scattering. In contrast to most of the previous approaches, the DLS method was applied without ensuring matching refractive indices of solvent and porous matrix in the present study. To test the capabilities of the method, the diffusion of spherical gold nanoparticles within the interconnected, periodic nanopores of inverse opals was analyzed. Despite the complexity of this system, which involves many interfaces and different refractive indices, a clear signal related to the motion of particles inside the porous media was obtained. As expected, the diffusive process inside the porous sample slowed down compared to the particle diffusion in free media. The obtained effective diffusion coefficients were found to be wave vector-dependent. They increased linearly with increasing spatial extension of the probed particle concentration fluctuations. On average, the slowing-down factor measured in this work agrees within combined uncertainties with literature data.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported financially by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) by funding the Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT) within the German Excellence Initiative and by funding the Cluster of Excellence Engineering of Advanced Materials (EAM) and the Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS). N. Vogel acknowledges funding from the DFG under Grant Number VO1824/9-1. C. Giraudet and A.P. Fröba thank Michael Eichhorn for providing access to the inverted microscope used in the present study.
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Giraudet, C., Knoll, M.S.G., Galvan, Y. et al. Diffusion of Gold Nanoparticles in Inverse Opals Probed by Heterodyne Dynamic Light Scattering. Transp Porous Med 131, 723–737 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-019-01364-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-019-01364-1