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NLRC5: new cancer buster?

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Abstract

Recent decades, there is significant progress in understanding the mechanisms of tumor progression and immune evasion. The newly discovered protein NLRC5 is demonstrated to participate in regulating cancer immune escape through enhancing MHC class I genes expression in certain tumors. Nevertheless, increasing evidence has revealed that NLRC5 is up-regulated in some other tumors and promote tumor development and progression. The purpose of this review is to describe the role of NLRC5 in tumors and discuss whether NLRC5 can be a potential target in cancer treatment.

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Abbreviations

NLRC5:

NLR caspase recruitment domain containing protein 5

NLRs:

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors

CARD:

Caspase activation and recruitment domain

LRR:

Leucine-rich repeat

NACHT:

Present in NAIP, CIITA, HET-E, and TP1proteins

STAT1:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1

MHC:

Major histocompatibility complex

TCGA:

The Cancer Genome Atlas

5-Aza:

5-Azacitidine

LUAD:

Lung adenocarcinoma

LUSC:

Lung squamous cell carcinoma

PRAD:

Prostate adenocarcinoma

SKCM:

Skin cutaneous melanoma

THCA:

Thyroid carcinoma

THYM:

Thymoma

UCEC:

Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma

UCS:

Uterine carcinosarcoma

ESCA:

Esophageal carcinoma

GBM:

Glioblastoma multiforme

HNSC:

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

KICH:

Kidney chromophobe

KIRC:

Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma

LAML:

Acute myeloid leukemia

PAAD:

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

STAD:

Stomach adenocarcinoma

TGCT:

Testicular germ cell tumors

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

HLA:

Human leukocyte antigen

β2M:

β2-Microglobulin

TAP:

Antigen processing transporter

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

CITA:

MHC class I transactivator

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Acknowledgements

I gratefully acknowledge the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University.

Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81072066).

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Author notes

  1. Feng Tang and Yadi Xu have contributed equally to the first author.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China

    Feng Tang, Yadi Xu & Bing Zhao

  2. Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China

    Feng Tang, Yadi Xu & Bing Zhao

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  1. Feng Tang
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Correspondence to Feng Tang or Bing Zhao.

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The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Feng Tang and Yadi Xu are joint first authors. Zhao Bing and Feng Tang are joint corresponding authors.

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Tang, F., Xu, Y. & Zhao, B. NLRC5: new cancer buster?. Mol Biol Rep 47, 2265–2277 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05253-5

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