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Activity, Abundance, and Community Composition of Anaerobic Ammonia–Oxidizing (Anammox) Bacteria in Sediment Cores of the Pearl River Estuary

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Abstract

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an important pathway for the removal of fixed nitrogen from aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Previous studies on anammox were focused on the surface sediments in estuaries, but the activity and community composition of anammox bacteria in the estuarine subsurface sediments remained unknown. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene combined with 15N isotope tracing method to investigate the activity, diversity, and spatio-temporal distribution of anammox bacteria in sediment cores of the Pearl River Estuary (PRE). Our results indicated that anammox in the subsurface sediments has significant potential activity, contributing to approximately 17.49% of the total microbial nitrogen loss. A variety of anammox bacteria, including Candidatus Scalindua, Ca. Brocadia, Ca. Jettenia, and Ca. Kuenenia, were all detected in the subsurface sediments. Moreover, the anammox bacterial community had a significant specific geographic distribution but no obvious difference along the sediment depth. Multiple environmental factors including salinity, and NH4+ and NO3− contents, synergistically shaped the diversity and distribution of anammox bacteria in PRE sediments.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31870100, 91851111, 41576123, and 41977153), and the Research Foundation for Talented Scholars of Guangzhou University (Grant No. GU2017001).

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Author notes

  1. Jiapeng Wu and Yiguo Hong contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Jiapeng Wu, Yiguo Hong, Xiaomei Wen, Yiben Li & Yu Wang

  2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Jiapeng Wu, Yiguo Hong, Xiaomei Wen, Yiben Li, Yu Wang & Xiangyang Chang

Authors
  1. Jiapeng Wu
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  2. Yiguo Hong
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  3. Xiaomei Wen
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  4. Yiben Li
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  5. Yu Wang
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  6. Xiangyang Chang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yiguo Hong.

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Communicated by Zhanfei Liu

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Wu, J., Hong, Y., Wen, X. et al. Activity, Abundance, and Community Composition of Anaerobic Ammonia–Oxidizing (Anammox) Bacteria in Sediment Cores of the Pearl River Estuary. Estuaries and Coasts 43, 73–85 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-019-00668-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-019-00668-1

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