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The effects of chronic subthalamic stimulation on nonmotor symptoms in advanced Parkinson’s disease, revealed by an online questionnaire program

  • Original Article - : Functional Neurosurgery - Movement disorders
  • Published:
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Abstract

Background

This study was designed to detect and assess the frequency and severity of nonmotor symptoms (NMSs) in advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD) and to investigate the effects of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) on NMSs.

Methods

We developed an online PC–based questionnaire program to assess NMSs in PD. Twenty-six PD patients who underwent bilateral STN-DBS were assessed. The NMS questionnaire consisted of 54 NMSs in three categories, based on Witjas et al. (2002). For each NMS, the patients were asked whether or not it was present, whether or not the fluctuating manifestations correlated with the timing of levodopa-induced motor fluctuations, and how severe the NMS was. Patients were assessed by this system before surgery and at the follow-up visit, 3 to 6 months after surgery. At the postoperative assessment, patients were also assessed on preoperative NMSs using recall.

Results

The most frequent preoperative NMSs were constipation and visual disorders, while the most frequent postoperative NMSs were difficulty in memorizing and pollakiuria. The ranking of most frequent NMSs changed from before to after surgery. NMSs of drenching sweats, dysphagia, and constipation were significantly ameliorated, while NMSs of dyspnea and slowness of thinking were significantly deteriorated after surgery. The preoperative assessment by postoperative recall gave very different results from that of the preoperative assessment.

Conclusion

An online questionnaire system to assess NMSs in patients with advanced PD suggested that STN-DBS might influence the frequencies of some kinds of NMSs.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Bronwen Gardner, PhD, from Edanz Group (www.edanzediting.com/ac) for editing a draft of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Minako Kawaguchi & Koji Iihara

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3, Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan

    Kazuhiro Samura

  3. Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Medical Co. LTA Fukuoka Mirai Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan

    Yasushi Miyagi

  4. Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Tsuyoshi Okamoto

  5. Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Ryo Yamasaki & Nobutaka Sakae

  6. Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Omuta National Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan

    Nobutaka Sakae

  7. Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan

    Fumiaki Yoshida

Authors
  1. Minako Kawaguchi
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  2. Kazuhiro Samura
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  3. Yasushi Miyagi
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  4. Tsuyoshi Okamoto
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  6. Nobutaka Sakae
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  7. Fumiaki Yoshida
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kazuhiro Samura.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This study design was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kyushu University (30-388).

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Comments

This is a very practical work showing how the internet can be used to ease the fulfilment of clinical questionnaires. Although some issues related to the self-administration of tests still hold, it improves the easiness to obtain preoperative data at the preoperative stage, and highlights the possible bias of retrieving preoperative data postoperatively.

Juan Barcia

Madrid, Spain

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Kawaguchi, M., Samura, K., Miyagi, Y. et al. The effects of chronic subthalamic stimulation on nonmotor symptoms in advanced Parkinson’s disease, revealed by an online questionnaire program. Acta Neurochir 162, 247–255 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-019-04182-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-019-04182-y

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