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Amperometric hydrazine sensor based on the use of a gold nanoparticle-modified nanocomposite consisting of porous polydopamine, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide

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Abstract

A porous hybrid material was prepared from polydopamine-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide. It was employed as a supporting material for an electrochemical hydrazine sensor. Gold nanoparticles with a size of about 13 nm were placed on the material which then was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectra, FTIR and nitrogen absorption/desorption plots. The material is highly porous and has a specific surface of 290 m2 g−1, which is larger than that of P-MWCNT/rGO alone (149 m2 g−1), and an increased pore volume. It was placed on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), and cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and amperometric i-t curves were used to characterize the catalytic activity of the sensor. The kinetic parameters of the modified GCE were calculated which proved that it has a high catalytic efficiency in promoting the electron transfer kinetics of hydrazine. The amperometric signal (obtained at a typical working potential of 0.35 V vs. SCE) has two linear ranges, one from 1 μM - 3 mM and one from 3 to 55 mM, with sensitivities of 524 and 98 A mM−1 cm−2, respectively. The detection limit is 0.31 μM.

The porous nanocomposite was synthesized by etching silver nanoparticles and a enhanced non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor of hydrazine was successfully designed. The electrochemical performances of the modified electrode were also examined.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of this project by the National Science Foundation of China (No.21575113), Northwest University Graduate Innovation and Creativity Funds (No.YZZ17125), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province in China (No. 2017JM2036, 2018JQ2029).

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  1. College of Chemistry & Materials Science / Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, Shaanxi, China

    Xinjin Zhang & Jianbin Zheng

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  1. Xinjin Zhang
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  2. Jianbin Zheng
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Correspondence to Jianbin Zheng.

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Zhang, X., Zheng, J. Amperometric hydrazine sensor based on the use of a gold nanoparticle-modified nanocomposite consisting of porous polydopamine, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide. Microchim Acta 187, 89 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-019-4014-4

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