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Mechanisms of Hantavirus Transmission in Oligoryzomys longicaudatus

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Abstract

The cricetid rodent Oligoryzomys longicaudatus is the species host of Andes virus (ANDV) which causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in southern Argentina and Chile. Population density, behavioral interactions, and spacing patterns are factors that affect viral transmission among wild rodents. We predict that the highest prevalence of hantavirus antibody positive would be found among wounded, reproductive males and that, at high population densities, wounded, reproductive males would be dispersers rather than resident individuals. The study was conducted seasonally from October (spring) 2011 to October (spring) 2013 in a shrubland habitat of Cholila, Argentina. During each trapping session, we classified captured O. longicaudatus as resident or disperser individuals, estimated population density, and recorded wounds as an indicator of aggression among individuals. We obtained blood samples from each individual for serological testing. We used generalized linear models to test the statistical significance of association between antibody prevalence, and sex, resident/dispersal status, wounds and trapping session. The highest proportion of seropositive O. longicaudatus individuals was among wounded reproductive males during periods of the greatest population density, and the characteristics of seroconverted individuals support that transmission is horizontal through male intrasexual competition. A positive association between dispersing individuals and hantavirus antibody was detected at high population density. Our study design allowed us to obtain data on a large number of individuals that are seroconverted, enabling a better understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of the ANDV host system.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FONCYT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Fundación Mundo Sano. We thank Simon E. Gutiérrez-Brida for assistance with revision of the English version and the associate editor and the anonymous reviewers for helpful comments and suggestions on the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Avda. Rivadavia 1917, CP C1033AAJ, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Ernesto Juan

  2. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas (INEVH), Pergamino, Argentina

    Silvana Levis & Noemí Pini

  3. Grupo de Investigaciones en Ecología Poblacional y Comportamental (GIEPCO), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Biodiversidad y Ambiente (ICBIA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Agencia Postal N° 3, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina

    Jaime Polop, Andrea R. Steinmann & María Cecilia Provensal

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  1. Ernesto Juan
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  2. Silvana Levis
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  3. Noemí Pini
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Correspondence to María Cecilia Provensal.

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Juan, E., Levis, S., Pini, N. et al. Mechanisms of Hantavirus Transmission in Oligoryzomys longicaudatus. EcoHealth 16, 671–681 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-019-01454-y

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