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Clinical Affective Neuroscience

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Motivation

Some major, contemporary theories of emotion consider brain-based motivational processes to be a core organizing dimension. One influential example of how a motivational system has been formulated in affective neuroscience is the “seeking system” presented in Table 1. Motivational processes are normal and always active in the brain and underlie the behavior intended to approach or avoid. They are supported by the mesolimbic dopamine systems. These systems are defined by dopaminergic projections

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    Citation Excerpt :

    When coupled with contemporary theories in cognitive neuroscience, these interfaces allow novel functional applications in scientific, clinical and social settings. Affective neuroscience aims to elucidate the neural networks underlying emotional processes, and their consequences on physiology, cognition, and behavior [51,52,54]. Historically, the field has centered around the problems of defining universal human emotions and their somatic markers [18], clarifying the causal direction of emotional processes (from the brain to the body and conversely) and determining the role of the body and interoception in feelings and emotions [34].

This article was reviewed under and accepted by Deputy Editor Schuyler W. Henderson, MD, MPH, and Associate Editor Robert R. Althoff, MD, PhD.

Drs. Penner and Stoddard are supported by the Pediatric Mental Health Institute at Children’s Hospital Colorado and the Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine. Dr. Stoddard received support from the National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH113731) of the National Institutes of Health.

The authors acknowledge the contributions to this piece by Nancy E. Adelman, PhD, Assistant Professor and Director of the Cognitive and Affective Neurosciences Laboratory at the Catholic University of America, Washington, DC.

Disclosure: Dr. Stoddard has received travel expenses from the Society of Biological Psychiatry. Dr. Penner reports no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.

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