Abstract
The conservation of plant genetic resources is essential for breeding programs. Regarding the native species of the Brazilian Cerrado biome, many studies have demonstrated their high potential for use in both medicines and foods. Hymenaea stigonocarpa, a tree with wide occurrence in the Cerrado, has economic importance, and due its extractive use, the establishment of a breeding program is relevant for sustainable use and conservation. Thus, the first germplasm collection of the species was installed at the Federal University of Goiás (UFG). To know the magnitude of genetic variability and how it was distributed in the collection, 353 individuals, distributed in 119 families from 24 subpopulations collected in the Cerrado biome, were genotyped using capillary electrophoresis. Nine pairs of microsatellite markers were genotyped. The UFG germplasm collection showed a high level of genetic diversity (mean \(\bar{H}e\) = 0.554) at the evaluated loci. By Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA), a significant genetic structure was detected (θP = 0.152, p < 0.01), which was expected since the subpopulations that originated the germplasm collection were collected in geographically distant locations. In addition, the germplasm collection had a population effective size of 54.9 and presented an allelic representation of 79.89% compared to 32 natural subpopulations. These results demonstrate that the germplasm collection preserves a high genetic diversity of H. stigonocarpa with a population effective size considered sufficient for the conduction of a breeding program.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by several grants and fellowships to the research network PRONEX ‘‘Núcleo de Excelência em Genética e Conservação de Espécies do Cerrado” (Pronex—Fapeg/CNPq (CP 07/2012) and Universal CNPq (447754/2014-9). Work by A.R.G was supported by a fellowship from CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior). Work by M.P.C.T. and L.J.C. has been continuously supported by productivity fellowships from CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico). Our current research in Genetics and Genomics is developed in the context of National Institutes for Science and Technology (INCT) in Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity Conservation, supported by MCTIC/CNPq (proc. 465610/2014-5) and FAPEG (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do estado de Goiás). This paper is dedicated to Professor Roland Vencovsky (1936–2016), who has contributed so much to research in biometrics, genetics and plant breeding, and has left us his knowledge as a legacy and source of inspiration.
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Gonçalves, A.R., Chaves, L.J. & de Campos Telles, M.P. Genetic variability and effective population size in Hymenaea stigonocarpa (Fabaceae) germplasm collection: tools for breeding programs and genetic conservation. Genetica 147, 359–368 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-019-00076-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-019-00076-0