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Emotional and physical reactions to perceived discrimination, language preference, and health-related quality of life among Latinos and Whites

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate whether emotional and physical reactions to perceived discrimination are associated with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among whites and Latinos (by language preference) in Arizona.

Methods

A cross-sectional analysis using the Arizona Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2012–2014) was restricted to non-Hispanic white and Latino (grouped by English- or Spanish-language preference) participants who completed the Reactions to Race optional module (N = 14,623). Four core items from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Healthy Days Measures were included: self-rated health; physically unhealthy, mentally unhealthy; and functionally limited days. Poisson regression models estimated prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for poor self-rated health. Multinomial logistic models estimated odds ratios and 95% CI for poor mental, physical, and functionally limited days (defined as 14 + more days). Models were adjusted for sociodemographics, health behaviors, and multimorbidity.

Results

Reports of emotional and physical reactions to perceived discrimination were highest among Spanish-language preference Latinos. Both Spanish- and English-language preference Latinos were more likely to report poor self-rated health in comparison to whites. In separate fully adjusted models, physical reactions were positively associated with each HRQOL measure. Emotional reactions were only associated with reporting 14 + mental unhealthy (aOR 3.16; 95% CI 1.82; 5.48) and functionally limited days (aOR 1.93; 95% CI 1.04, 3.58).

Conclusions

Findings from this study suggest that physical and emotional reactions to perceived discrimination can manifest as diminished HRQOL. Consistent collection of population-based measures of perceived discrimination is warranted to track and monitor differential health vulnerability that affect Latinos.

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Funding

This study was funded by the University of South Carolina Social Science Provost Grant (USC: 11520).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Services Administration, University of Maryland College Park School of Public Health, 3302D SPH Bldg 255, 4200 Valley Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA

    Kellee White

  2. Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

    Jourdyn A. Lawrence

  3. Department of Sociology and African American Studies, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA

    Jason L. Cummings

  4. Department of Sociology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA

    Calley Fisk

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White, K., Lawrence, J.A., Cummings, J.L. et al. Emotional and physical reactions to perceived discrimination, language preference, and health-related quality of life among Latinos and Whites. Qual Life Res 28, 2799–2811 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02222-9

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