Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Analysis of corneal stromal roughness after iFS 150 kHz and LenSx femtosecond LASIK flap creation in porcine eyes

  • Basic Science
  • Published:
Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To describe and compare the stromal bed roughness obtained after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap creation using a corneal femtosecond laser platform (iFS 150) and a “dual” femtosecond (FS) laser platform (LenSx).

Methods

This ex vivo experimental study was conducted in an animal model using 12 freshly enucleated porcine eyes, six with each femtosecond laser. The standard laser treatment parameters were used for the experiment. After LASIK flap creation, the corneal stromal roughness was assessed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) in contact mode immersed in liquid. In each sample, surface measurements were obtained in 60 regions of six eyes per FS laser in 10 20 × 20-micron areas of the central corneal stroma at 512 × 512-point resolution. The surface roughness was measured and the root-mean-square (RMS) values of the roughness were obtained.

Results

The mean RMS ± standard deviation values were 430 ± 150 nm for the corneal femtosecond laser platform and 370 ± 100 nm for the dual FS laser platform (P < 0.011).

Conclusions

In this experimental study with AFM, we found smoother stromal beds after LASIK flap creation with LenSx compared to iFS 150 kHz. Further studies are needed to understand visual implications of the differences found.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Huhtala A, Pietilä J, Mäkinen P et al (2016) Femtosecond lasers for laser in situ keratomileusis: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Clin Ophthalmol 10:393–404

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Parafita-Fernandez A, Garcia-Gonzalez M, Katsanos A et al (2019) Two femtosecond LASIK platforms: comparison of valuation of visual acuity, flap thickness and stromal optical density. Cornea 38:98–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Garcia-Gonzalez M, Bouza-Miguens C, Parafita-Fernandez A et al (2018) Comparison of visual outcomes and flap morphology using 2 femtosecond laser platforms. J Cataract Refract Surg 44:78–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bolivar G, Garcia-Gonzalez M, Laucirika G et al (2019) Intraocular pressure rises during laser in situ keratomileusis: comparison of 3 femtosecond laser platforms. J Cataract Refract Surg. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2019.03.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Farjo AA, Sugar A, Schallhorn SC et al (2013) Femtosecond lasers for LASIK flap creation: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology 120:e5–e20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Yu C, Manche EE (2015) Comparison of 2 femtosecond lasers for flap creation in myopic laser in situ keratomileusis: one-year results. J Cataract Refract Surg 41:740–748

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Yu C, Manche EE (2014) A comparison of LASIK flap thickness and morphology between the Intralase 60 and 150kHz femtosecond lasers. J Refract Surg 30:827–830

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Sales CS, Manche EE (2016) Comparison of self-reported quality of vision outcomes after myopic LASIK with two femtosecond lasers: a prospective, eye-to-eye study. Clin Ophthalmol 10:1691–1699

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Colombo-Barboza MN, Colombo-Barboza GN, Colombo-Barboza LR et al (2018) Multifunctional femtosecond laser platform and correlation with clinical preoperative measurements. J Cataract Refract Surg 44:811–817

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Slade S, Ignacio T, Spector S (2018) Evaluation of a multifunctional femtosecond laser for the creation of laser in situ keratomileusis flaps. J Cataract Refract Surg 44:280–286

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Ji YW, Kim M, Kang DSY et al (2017) Effect of lowering laser energy on the surface roughness of human corneal lenticules in SMILE. J Refract Surg 33:617–624

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Kymionis GD, Kontadakis GA, Naoumidi I et al (2014) Comparative study of stromal bed of LASIK flaps created with femtosecond lasers (IntraLase FS150, WaveLight FS200) and mechanical microkeratome. Br J Ophthalmol 98:133–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. De Santo MP, Lombardo M, Serrao S et al (2004) Atomic force microscopy in ophthalmic surgery. 4th IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology 252–254.

  14. Spadea L, Maraone G, Verboschi F et al (2016) Effect of corneal light scatter on vision: a review of the literature. Int J Ophthalmol 9:459–464

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Azar DT, Azar FN, Brodie SE et al (2017) Optical considerations in keratorefractive surgery. In: Cantor LB, Rapuano CJ, Cioffi GA (eds) Basic and Clinical Science Course 2017-2018. Section 3. Clinical Optics. American Academy of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, pp 223–236

    Google Scholar 

  16. Soong HK, Malta JB (2009) Femtosecond lasers in ophthalmology. Am J Ophthalmol 147:189–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Vinciguerra P, Azzolin M, Airaghi P et al (1998) Effect of decreasing surface and interface irregularities after photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis on optical and functional outcomes. J Refract Surg 14:S199–S203

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Moshifar M, Desautels JD, Quist TS et al (2016) Rainbow glare after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis: a review of the literature. Clin Ophthalmol 10:2245–2249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Zhang Y, Chen Y (2018) High incidence of rainbow glare after femtosecond laser assisted-LASIK using the upgraded FS200 femtosecond laser. BMC Ophthalmol 18:71

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Wilhelm FW, Glessman T, Hanschke R et al (2000) Cut edges and surface characteristics produced by different microkeratomes. J Refract Surg 16:690–700

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Hamill MB, Kohnen T (2002) Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of the surface characteristics of 4 microkeratome systems in human corneas. J Cataract Refract Surg 28:328–336

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Kermani O, Oberheide U (2008) Comparative micromorphologic in vitro porcine study of Intralase and Femto LDV femtosecond lasers. J Cataract Refract Surg 34:1393–1399

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Hammer CM, Kunert KS, Zhang Y et al (2018) Interface morphology and gas production by a refractive 347nm ultraviolet femtosecond laser: comparison with established laser systems. J Cataract Refract Surg 44:1371–1377

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Sarayba MA, Ignacio TS, Binder PS et al (2007) Comparative study of stromal bed quality by using mechanical, IntraLase femtosecond laser 15- and 30-kHz microkeratomes. Cornea 26:446–451

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Sarayba MA, Ignacio TS, Tran DB et al (2007) A 60 kHz Intralase femtosecond laser creates a smoother LASIK stromal bed surface compared to a Zyoptix XP mechanical microkeratome in human donor eyes. J Refract Surg 23:331–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

Funded in part by an unrestricted grant from Abbott Medical Optics (216/3).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Juan Gros-Otero.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interests

Miguel A. Teus has received research grants form Alcon, Allergan, Abbott, and Novartis; consultant Fees from Alcon, Allergan, Abbott, Novartis, Santen, and Glaukos; and financial support from Alcon, Novartis, and Thea. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

Informed consent

Informed consent was not needed for this work, as it is an experimental study.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gros-Otero, J., Ketabi, S., Cañones-Zafra, R. et al. Analysis of corneal stromal roughness after iFS 150 kHz and LenSx femtosecond LASIK flap creation in porcine eyes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 257, 2665–2670 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-019-04497-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-019-04497-7

Keywords

Navigation