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Combination of Simple Sequence Repeat, S-Locus Polymorphism and Phenotypic Data for Identification of Tunisian Plum Species (Prunus spp.)

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Abstract

Plums (Prunus spp.) are among the first fruit tree species that attracted human interest. Artificial crosses between wild and domesticated species of plums are still paving the way for creation of new phenotypic variability. In Tunisia, despite a considerable varietal richness of plum as well as a high economic value, the plum sector is experiencing a significant regression. The main reason of this regression is the absence of a national program of plum conservation. Hence, this work was aimed to phenotypically and genetically characterize 23 Tunisian plum accessions to preserve this patrimony. Closely related Prunus species from the same subgenus may be differing at two characteristics: ploidy level and phenotypic traits. In this study, single sequence repeat (SSR) markers allowed distinguishing between eighteen diploid accessions and five polyploid accessions, but SSR data alone precluded unambiguous ploidy estimation due to homozygosity. In contrast, S-allele markers were useful to identify the ploidy level between polyploid species, but they did not distinguish species with the same ploidy level. Seven out of 12 phenotypic traits were shown to be discriminant traits for plum species identification. Molecular and phenotypic traits were significantly correlated and revealed a powerful tool to draw taxonomic and genotypic keys. The results obtained in this work are of great importance for local Tunisian plum germplasm management.

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Abbreviations

DNA:

Desoxyribonucleic acid

GSI:

Gametophytic self-incompatibility system

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

SFB:

S-Haplotype-specific F-box

S-RNase:

S-Ribonuclease

UPOV:

Union internationale de la Protection des Obtentions Variétales

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Acknowledgements

This research was financed by the Tunisian ‘Ministère de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique’. We would like to gratefully thank Tunisian farmers for kindly providing plant material and for their help during phenotypic measurements in the fields. We wish to thank the anonymous reviewers and the editors for their critical comments which allowed us to improve the original manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Immunology & Biotechnology LR99ES12, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Campus University, El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia

    Ghada Baraket, Donia Abdallah, Sana Ben Mustapha, Hend Ben Tamarzizt & Amel Salhi-Hannachi

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  1. Ghada Baraket
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  2. Donia Abdallah
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  3. Sana Ben Mustapha
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  4. Hend Ben Tamarzizt
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  5. Amel Salhi-Hannachi
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Contributions

GB performed the experiments and statistical analyses, developed the genetic analyses and wrote the manuscript. DA provided some plant material discussed and corrected the content. SBM provided some plant material and discussed the content. HBT gave additional information regarding plum and corrected the content. ASH offered experimental instructions, supervised and provided editorial advice.

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Correspondence to Ghada Baraket.

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Baraket, G., Abdallah, D., Ben Mustapha, S. et al. Combination of Simple Sequence Repeat, S-Locus Polymorphism and Phenotypic Data for Identification of Tunisian Plum Species (Prunus spp.). Biochem Genet 57, 673–694 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-019-09922-4

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