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Risk factors for complications of percutaneous ultrasound-guided renal biopsy in children

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Abstract

Background

Percutaneous ultrasound-guided renal biopsy (PURB) is an invasive but essential procedure in establishing the histologic diagnosis of pediatric renal diseases. Large studies which describe PURB complications and its contributory risk factors are scarce in the pediatric literature.

Methods

Patients who underwent real-time PURB from September 2011 to August 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Data pertaining to clinical characteristics, histologic diagnosis and biopsy-related complications were collected. In addition, the risk factors for complications were also analyzed.

Results

Overall, 183 patients (109 females) were enrolled and 201 biopsies were obtained. The mean age was 14.4 ± 13.7 years. Over 98% of the biopsies were considered adequate in quality. The major complications were perirenal hematoma requiring blood transfusion (4 cases, 2.0%), followed by perirenal abscess (1 case, 0.5%) and arteriovenous fistula (1 case, 0.5%). All patients recovered without sequelae after treatment. Hypertension, low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and anemia were more common in patients with complication than in those without. Further logistic regression model analysis demonstrated that eGFR <30 ml/1.73m2/min was an independent risk factor for major complications.

Conclusions

Perirenal hematoma needing blood transfusion is the most common major complication for children undergoing renal biopsy. Low eGFR is an independent risk factor for major complications. Early recognition and timely treatment should be delivered to children with renal function impairment accordingly.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported in part by research fund of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CMRPG3H0361, CMRPG3H0911, CMRPG3I0021), the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 106-2314-B-182A-123-MY3), and the Research Fund of Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH-C106-110, TSGH-C108-132). We thank Prof. Martin Konrad for critical review of the revised manuscript and for the critical help with statistical analysis.

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Correspondence to Min-Hua Tseng.

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Ding, JJ., Lin, SH., Huang, JL. et al. Risk factors for complications of percutaneous ultrasound-guided renal biopsy in children. Pediatr Nephrol 35, 271–278 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-019-04367-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-019-04367-8

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