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Occurrence of Salivirus in Sewage and River Water Samples in Karaj, Iran

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Abstract

Salivirus is a newly discovered virus which seems to be related to acute gastroenteritis in children. Salivirus may infect susceptible children by fecal–oral route after exposure to contaminated water. The present study aims to evaluate the occurrence and quantity of Salivirus in treated and untreated sewage water and river water samples collected in the city of Karaj, Iran by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assay. A total of 50 samples were collected from environmental waters containing 22 treated and untreated sewage water in volume of 1 l and 28 river water samples in volume of 5 l were included in this study. After viral RNA extraction, the Real-time PCR was performed to amplify the 5′UTR sequence of Salivirus genome and viral load was assessed. Out of the 50 samples tested, the Salivirus genomic RNA was identified in 5/12 (41.6%) of treated and 3/10 (30%) of untreated sewage samples and in 8/28 (28.5%) of river water samples. The maximum viral load was 4.8 × 106 copies/l in treated sewage water sample in September and the lower viral load was 4 × 105 copies/l related to treated sewage water taken in December. This is the first report of Salivirus occurrence in the environmental waters in Iran. The viral prevalence of Salivirus in each of the three sets of tested samples was within low to moderate in range.

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Acknowledgements

This work was performed as part Maede Adineh’s MSc thesis in Microbiology of at Karaj Islamic Azad University. We would like to thank the office of applied research of Karaj Islamic Azad University for their support of this project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

    Maede Adineh & Mostafa Ghaderi

  2. Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran

    Seyed Dawood Mousavi-Nasab

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  1. Maede Adineh
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  2. Mostafa Ghaderi
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  3. Seyed Dawood Mousavi-Nasab
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Correspondence to Mostafa Ghaderi.

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Adineh, M., Ghaderi, M. & Mousavi-Nasab, S.D. Occurrence of Salivirus in Sewage and River Water Samples in Karaj, Iran. Food Environ Virol 11, 193–197 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-019-09377-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-019-09377-1

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