Validation of food diary method for assessment of dietary energy and macronutrient intake in infants and children aged 6–24 months

Abstract

Objectives: To compare the estimated food diary record (ED) method against weighed intake record method (WI) for assessing dietary intake in infants and children aged 6–24 months; additionally, to compare WI with metabolisable energy intake (ME) measured by doubly labelled water (DLW) in infants aged 6–12 months.

Design: Cross-over study of 5 day WI vs 5 day ED.

Subjects: Seventy-two children aged 6–24 months.

Methods: Subjects were randomly assigned to one method during week 1 crossing over to the alternative method in week 2. Data were coded and translated into daily nutrient intakes using COMP-EAT version 5 nutritional analysis software. The analysis compared energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate. Twenty-one infants were dosed with DLW for measurement of total energy expenditure (TEE) and ME.

Results: Mean energy intake calculated from WI and ED was 3782 and 3920 kJ/day, respectively. There was no significant difference between these values. Using WI as a reference, ED showed a mean bias of 138 kJ/day, equivalent to 3.6% of mean energy intake. Limits of agreement (±2 s.d. of the bias) were wide at±1385 kJ/day. There were no significant differences between methods for any of the nutrient sub-classes. Using DLW as a reference, WI showed a mean bias of 243 kJ/day, equivalent to 7.3% of mean energy intake, limits of agreement were wide at ±1686 kJ/day.

Conclusion: There is no evidence from the present analysis that ED is less accurate than WI for assessing energy and nutrient sub-class intakes in groups of this age but this good agreement between methods in groups does not extend to individuals.

Sponsorship: Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, USA.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2001) 55, 124–129