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Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter October 28, 2019

Mussel-inspired polydopamine-mediated surface modification of freeze-cast poly (ε-caprolactone) scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications

  • Farnaz Ghorbani ORCID logo , Ali Zamanian ORCID logo EMAIL logo and Melika Sahranavard

Abstract

There are many methods used to fabricate the scaffolds for tissue regeneration, among which freeze casting has attracted a great deal of attention due to the capability to create a unidirectional structure. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds were fabricated by freeze-casting technology in order to create porous microstructure with oriented open-pore channels. To induce biomineralization, and to improve hydrophilicity and cell interactions, mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) was coated on the surface of the freeze-cast PCL constructs. Then, the synergistic effects of oriented microstructure and deposited layer on efficient reconstruction of injured bone were studied. Microscopic observations demonstrated that, the coated layer did not show any special change in lamellar microstructure of the scaffolds. Water-scaffold interactions were evaluated by contact angle measurements, and they demonstrated strong enhancement in the hydrophilicity of the polymeric scaffolds after PDA coating. Biodegradation ratio and water uptake evaluation confirmed an increase in the measured values after PDA precipitation. The biomineralization of the PDA-coated scaffolds was characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Obtained results confirmed biomineralization of the constructs after a 28-day immersion in a simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. Mechanical analysis demonstrated higher compressive strength after PDA coating. L929 fibroblast cell viability and attachment illustrated that PDA-coated PCL scaffolds are able to support cell adhesion and proliferation. The increased secretion of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) after culturing osteosarcoma cell lines (MG-63) revealed the initial capability of scaffolds to induce bone regeneration. Therefore, the PDA-coated scaffolds introduce a promising approach for bone tissue engineering application.

  1. Author Statement

  2. Research funding: The authors state no funding involved.

  3. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Informed consent: Informed consent is not applicable.

  5. Ethical approval: The conducted research is not related to either human or animal use.

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Received: 2019-03-09
Accepted: 2019-09-19
Published Online: 2019-10-28
Published in Print: 2020-05-26

©2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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