Abstract
Host-associated microbial communities provide critical functions for their hosts. Transition metals are essential for both the mammalian host and the majority of commensal bacteria. As such, access to transition metals is an important component of host-microbe interactions in the gastrointestinal tract. In mammals, transition metal ions are often sequestered by metal binding proteins to limit microbial access under homeostatic conditions. In response to invading pathogens, the mammalian host further decreases availability of these micronutrients by regulating their trafficking or releasing high-affinity metal chelating proteins, a process termed nutritional immunity. Bacterial pathogens have evolved several mechanisms to subvert nutritional immunity. Here, we provide an overview on how metal ion availability shapes host-microbe interactions in the gut with a particular focus on intestinal inflammatory diseases.
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Acknowledgements
Work in S. E. W.’s lab was funded by the NIH (AI118807, AI128151), The Welch Foundation (I-1969-20180324), the Burroughs Wellcome Fund (1017880), and a Research Scholar Grant (RSG-17-048-01-MPC) from the American Cancer Society. W. Z. was supported by a Research Fellows Award from the Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation of America (454921). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies. We want to thank the members of the Winter laboratory for helpful discussion. S. E. W. is listed as an inventor on patent US10092596B2, which describes a treatment to prevent the inflammation-associated expansion of Enterobacteriaceae. The other authors have no additional financial interests.
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Zhu, W., Spiga, L. & Winter, S. Transition metals and host-microbe interactions in the inflamed intestine. Biometals 32, 369–384 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-019-00182-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-019-00182-8