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Inactivation Mechanism of 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid on β-Glucosidase Produced by Paenibacillus sp. LLZ1 and Enhanced Activity Using a Surfactant

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Abstract

β-Glucosidase (BG) hydrolyzes cellobiose into glucose, and is a vital step in converting ionic liquids (ILs)-pretreated biomass to sustainable biofuels. The inactivation mechanism of BG from Paenibacillus sp. LLZ1 induced by microcrystalline cellulose was explored in various concentrations of ILs, composed of [Emim]+ cation and [DEP]−, [OAc]−, [Br]−, [Cl]−, and [BF4]− anions. The FTIR analysis of inactivated BG indicated that the ILs altered its β-sheet content. Moreover, circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD) suggested that the α-helix content decreased, while the β-sheet content increased with the presence of ILs in general. Interestingly, the secondary structure of BG had almost no change after [Emim]DEP treatment, while ionic liquid [Emim]BF4 treatment caused the irreversible denaturation of BG. Eventually, by adding 0.4 mM of Aerosol OT surfactant, the BG activity was increased by 20.1% in the presence of 25% [Emim]DEP, and the corresponding glucose yield from hydrolysis of cellobiose was increased by 23.9%.

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Funding

The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21676173 and Grant No. 21376156). This study was also supported by the Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Education Department. The authors are grateful for the financial support from the agricultural infrastructure project of Suzhou Science and Technology Development Plan (SNG2018046).

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  1. Hang Liu and Min Zhou contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry, Biology, and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China

    Hang Liu, Min Zhou, Xin Ju, Cuiying Hu & Liangzhi Li

  2. Emory University, MSC 5919, 810 Whatcoat St, Oxford, GA, USA

    Hang Shu

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  1. Hang Liu
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Correspondence to Liangzhi Li.

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Liu, H., Zhou, M., Ju, X. et al. Inactivation Mechanism of 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid on β-Glucosidase Produced by Paenibacillus sp. LLZ1 and Enhanced Activity Using a Surfactant. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 190, 826–838 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-019-03131-w

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