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A Case-Control Study of Essential and Toxic Trace Elements and Minerals in Hair of 0–4-Year-Old Children with Cerebral Palsy

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Abstract

The objective of the present study was to assess hair essential and toxic trace elements and minerals in children with cerebral palsy in relation to age of the examinees. A total of 70 children with cerebral palsy and 70 healthy controls aged 0–4 years old were enrolled in the present study. The examined children were also divided into two age groups of those younger and older than 2 years old. Hair trace element content was assessed using ICP-MS at NexION 300D (PerkinElmer, USA). The obtained data demonstrate that hair boron was more than 2-fold lower in CP children as compared with the control group. At the same time, hair Na, Se, and V levels were 21%, 12%, and 20% lower when compared with healthy controls, respectively. It is also notable that a 9% and 28% decrease in hair Fe and Li levels respectively were nearly significant. The observed alterations were more profound in a younger group of patients. No significant group difference in hair toxic metal and metalloid levels was observed between the general cohorts of children with and without CP. In regression models, only hair Al and Ca contents were significantly associated with the presence of cerebral palsy, whereas hair Mg, Na, Ni, and Se levels were characterized as significant negative predictors. The observed alteration in trace element metabolism may also provide an additional link between cerebral palsy, psychomotor delay, and certain diseases, including diabetes, epilepsy, and osteoporosis. However, further studies using other substrates (blood, urine) or biomarkers are required.

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Funding

The project was financially supported by the grant of the President of the Russian Federation (No. 075-15-2019-393, MK-1348.2019.7).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, Yaroslavl, Russia, 150003

    Alexey A. Tinkov & Olga P. Ajsuvakova

  2. IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 19-1, Moscow, Russia, 119146

    Alexey A. Tinkov, Olga P. Ajsuvakova & Anatoly V. Skalny

  3. RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, Moscow, Russia, 117198

    Alexey A. Tinkov, Olga P. Ajsuvakova & Anatoly V. Skalny

  4. Taipei Medical University, Wuxing St., 250, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan

    Anatoly V. Skalny

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Correspondence to Alexey A. Tinkov.

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All procedures within the study (examination, sampling) were performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and later amendments (2013). The protocol of the present study was approved by the Local Institutional Ethics Committee at Yaroslavl State University (Yaroslavl, Russia). Informed consent was obtained from children’s parents or legal representatives.

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Tinkov, A.A., Ajsuvakova, O.P. & Skalny, A.V. A Case-Control Study of Essential and Toxic Trace Elements and Minerals in Hair of 0–4-Year-Old Children with Cerebral Palsy. Biol Trace Elem Res 195, 399–408 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01876-3

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