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A pathogenic CtBP1 missense mutation causes altered cofactor binding and transcriptional activity

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Abstract

We previously reported a pathogenic de novo p.R342W mutation in the transcriptional corepressor CTBP1 in four independent patients with neurodevelopmental disabilities [1]. Here, we report the clinical phenotypes of seven additional individuals with the same recurrent de novo CTBP1 mutation. Within this cohort, we identified consistent CtBP1-related phenotypes of intellectual disability, ataxia, hypotonia, and tooth enamel defects present in most patients. The R342W mutation in CtBP1 is located within a region implicated in a high affinity-binding cleft for CtBP-interacting proteins. Unbiased proteomic analysis demonstrated reduced interaction of several chromatin-modifying factors with the CtBP1 W342 mutant. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis in human glioblastoma cell lines expressing -CtBP1 R342 (wt) or W342 mutation revealed changes in the expression profiles of genes controlling multiple cellular processes. Patient-derived dermal fibroblasts were found to be more sensitive to apoptosis during acute glucose deprivation compared to controls. Glucose deprivation strongly activated the BH3-only pro-apoptotic gene NOXA, suggesting a link between enhanced cell death and NOXA expression in patient fibroblasts. Our results suggest that context-dependent relief of transcriptional repression of the CtBP1 mutant W342 allele may contribute to deregulation of apoptosis in target tissues of patients leading to neurodevelopmental phenotypes.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the families for their generous contributions. We thank CureCMD and Anne Rutkowski with their help in patient recruitment.

Funding

This work was supported by an ICTS pilot grant from Washington University in St. Louis and Presidential Research support from Saint Louis University. This work was supported in part by grants from the JPB Foundation and the Simons Foundation. Work in C.G. Bönnemann’s laboratory is supported by intramural funds from the NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. M.Y. is supported by the following industry sponsored research: Reveragen, Italfarmaco.

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Correspondence to Wendy K. Chung or G. Chinnadurai.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Proteomics analysis files. (XLSX 75 kb)

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Beck, D.B., Subramanian, T., Vijayalingam, S. et al. A pathogenic CtBP1 missense mutation causes altered cofactor binding and transcriptional activity. Neurogenetics 20, 129–143 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10048-019-00578-1

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