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Genes involved in miRNA biogenesis affect meiosis and fertility

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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small (containing about 22 nucleotides) single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in plants and animals, being absent from unicellular organisms. They act on diverse key physiological and cellular processes, such as development and tissue differentiation, cell identity, cell cycle progression, and programmed cell death. They are also likely to be involved in a broad spectrum of human diseases. Particularly, this review examines and summarizes work characterizing the function of miRNAs in gametogenesis and fertility. Although numerous studies have elucidated the involvement of reproductive-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in regulating germ cell development and meiosis, less is known about the role of miRNAs in these processes. We focus on the study of hypomorphic and null alleles of genes encoding components of miRNA biogenesis in both plants (Arabidopsis thaliana) and mammals (Mus musculus). We compare the consequences of the presence of these mutations on male meiosis in both species.

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Abbreviations

AGO:

ARGONAUTE

ATM:

Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated

DCL1:

DICER-LIKE-1

DSB:

DNA double-strand break

HEN1:

HUA ENHANCER 1

HR:

Homologous recombination

HST:

HASTY

HYL1:

HYPONASTIC LEAVES 1

KO:

Knockout

miRNA:

MicroRNA

MMC:

Megaspore mother cell

MSCI:

Meiotic sex chromosome inactivation

phasiRNA:

Phased small interfering RNA

piRNA:

PIWI-interacting RNA

PMC:

Pollen mother cell

RISC:

RNA-induced silencing complex

SC:

Synaptonemal complex

SE:

SERRATE

SPO11:

SPORULATION DEFECTIVE 11

siRNA:

Small interfering RNA

SYCP1:

Synaptonemal complex protein 1

TRBP:

Human immunodeficiency virus trans-activating protein response RNA-binding protein

WT:

Wild-type

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Author contribution statement

JLS conceived the review. MP and JLS wrote the manuscript, contributed to revisions, and approved the final version. MP designed the figures.

Funding

The authors acknowledge the support of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (by grants AGL2012-38852 and AGL2015-67349-P) and of the European Union (FP7: Meiosys-KBBE-2009-222883).

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  1. Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Mónica Pradillo & Juan L. Santos

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  1. Mónica Pradillo
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  2. Juan L. Santos
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Correspondence to Mónica Pradillo.

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Pradillo, M., Santos, J.L. Genes involved in miRNA biogenesis affect meiosis and fertility. Chromosome Res 26, 233–241 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-018-9588-x

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