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Can diatom girdle band pores act as a hydrodynamic viral defense mechanism?

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Abstract

Diatoms are microalgae encased in highly structured and regular frustules of porous silica. A long-standing biological question has been the function of these frustules, with hypotheses ranging from them acting as photonic light absorbers to being particle filters. While it has been observed that the girdle band pores of the frustule of Coscinodiscus sp. resemble those of a hydrodynamic drift ratchet, we show using scaling arguments and numerical simulations that they cannot act as effective drift ratchets. Instead, we present evidence that frustules are semi-active filters. We propose that frustule pores simultaneously repel viruses while promoting uptake of ionic nutrients via a recirculating, electroosmotic dead-end pore flow, a new mechanism of “hydrodynamic immunity”.

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Acknowledgements

J. G. Mitchell, from Flinders University, was instrumental in biological concepts in this manuscript and help draft the manuscript.

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  1. School of Engineering, RMIT University, Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, 3053, Australia

    J. W. Herringer, D. Lester, G. E. Dorrington & G. Rosengarten

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J. W. Herringer carried out the numerical modeling, participated in data analysis and drafted the manuscript; G. Rosengarten participated in numerical modeling, formulating the direction and concept of the paper, and drafted the manuscript; D. Lester participated in numerical modeling, formulating the direction and concept of the paper, and drafted the manuscript; G. E. Dorrington participated in formulating the direction and concept of the paper and drafted the manuscript.

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Herringer, J.W., Lester, D., Dorrington, G.E. et al. Can diatom girdle band pores act as a hydrodynamic viral defense mechanism?. J Biol Phys 45, 213–234 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10867-019-09525-5

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