-
A unique combination of horror and longing: Traumatic grief in post–October 7, 2023, Israel Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Ilanit Hasson‐Ohayon, Danny Horesh
On October 7, 2023 (10/7), Hamas militants brutally attacked Israeli towns and villages surrounding the Gaza Strip, resulting in the killing of more than 1100 people, most of whom were civilians slaughtered in their own homes. The killings occurred under highly traumatic circumstances, including shooting, the burning of homes, hunting down people who attempted to escape, and severe sexual assault.
-
Exploring the association between post–critical incident intervention preferences and self‐reported coping self‐efficacy among firefighters Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Joselyn R. Sarabia, Elinam Dellor, Bridget Freisthler, Katherine Kieninger
Critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) is a commonly utilized intervention in the fire service that aims to minimize psychological harm and adverse mental health outcomes after a potentially traumatic incident. This study aimed to explore firefighter preferences regarding CISD and alternative post–critical incident interventions in relation to firefighter coping self‐efficacy (FFCSE) and trauma
-
Examining bias in the award of Veterans Affairs (VA) disability benefits for posttraumatic stress disorder in women veterans: Analysis of evaluation reports and VA decisions Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Mayumi O. Gianoli, Andrew W. Meisler, Rebecca Gordon
Studies have raised concerns about possible inequities in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)’s awards of disability for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to women. However, the diagnoses and opinions made by disability examiners have not been studied. A sample of 270 initial PTSD examination reports and corresponding VA decisions were studied. Compared to men, women veterans were as likely
-
Improving access to evidence‐based interventions for trauma‐exposed adults in low‐ and middle‐income countries Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-03-09 Debra Kaminer, Duane Booysen, Kate Ellis, Christian Haag Kristensen, Anushka R. Patel, Katy Robjant, Srishti Sardana
In low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), the mental health consequences of trauma exposure pose a substantial personal, societal, and economic burden. Yet, the significant need for evidence‐based mental health treatment remains largely unmet. To unlock the potential for mental health care for trauma survivors in lower‐resource contexts, it is critical to map treatment barriers and identify strategies
-
Emotional reactivity linking assaultive trauma and risky behavior: Evidence of differences between cisgender women and men Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Anna Stumps, Nadia Bounoua, Naomi Sadeh
Accumulating evidence suggests that trauma exposure is positively associated with future engagement in risky behavior, such as substance misuse, aggression, risky sex, and self‐harm. However, the psychological factors driving this association and their relevance across gender groups require further clarification. In a community sample of 375 adults with a high rate of trauma exposure (age range: 18–55
-
Associations between transdiagnostic traits of psychopathology and hybrid posttraumatic stress disorder factors in a trauma‐exposed community sample Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Joel G. Sprunger, Jeffrey M. Girard, Kathleen M. Chard
Dimensional conceptualizations of psychopathology hold promise for understanding the high rates of comorbidity with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Linking PTSD symptoms to transdiagnostic dimensions of psychopathology may enable researchers and clinicians to understand the patterns and breadth of behavioral sequelae following traumatic experiences that may be shared with other psychiatric disorders
-
Posttraumatic stress disorder, Veterans Health Administration use, and care‐seeking among recent‐era U.S. veterans Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Ben Porter, Mary E. Dozier, Amber D. Seelig, Yunnuo Zhu, Michaela S. Patoilo, Edward J. Boyko, Rudolph P. Rull
The current study investigated the associations among probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), recent Veterans Health Administration (VHA) health care use, and care‐seeking for PTSD in U.S. military veterans. Analyses were conducted among 19,691 active duty military personnel enrolled in the Millennium Cohort Study who separated from the military between 2000 and 2012 and were weighted to the
-
Psychological adaptation among health care workers who work with trauma‐exposed refugees in Greece Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Bita Ghafoori, Sofia Triliva, Panagiota Chrysikopoulou, Andreas Vavvos
Greek health care workers (HCWs) working with refugee and asylum‐seeker populations may be at risk of trauma exposure and related distress. The current study sought to further understand the factors that may promote or hinder psychological adaptation among HCWs working with trauma‐exposed refugee populations in Greece. Participants were HCWs (N = 20) who completed semistructured interviews. Thematic
-
Associations between different forms of intimate partner violence and posttraumatic stress among women who use drugs and alcohol in Kyrgyzstan Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Tina Jiwatram-Negron, Melissa Meinhart, Malorie Ward, Lynn Michalopoulos, Qihao Zhan, Danil Nikitin, Louisa Gilbert
Survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) have an increased risk of experiencing posttraumatic stress, and the subsequently associated symptoms can vary by form of IPV exposure (i.e., physical, sexual, or psychological IPV). Related research among socially marginalized populations, however, is limited, including among women who use and misuse substances. Drawing on baseline data from a pilot study
-
Associations among posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, life satisfaction, and well-being comparisons: A longitudinal investigation Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-02-11 Pascal Schlechter, Thole H. Hoppen, Nexhmedin Morina
Many individuals who encounter potentially traumatic events go on to develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research suggests that survivors of traumatic events frequently compare their current well-being to different standards; yet, knowledge regarding the role of comparative thinking in well-being is limited to a few cross-sectional studies. We therefore examined the temporal associations
-
A pilot randomized controlled trial of online written exposure therapy delivered by peer coaches to veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Carmen P. McLean, Nadia Malek, Casey L. Straud
This pilot randomized clinical trial (RCT) sought to examine the preliminary efficacy of an internet-based version of written exposure therapy delivered to veterans through an online program supported by peer coaches. Veterans (N = 124) with clinically significant posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were randomly assigned to imaginal exposure either via writing (written exposure) or verbal
-
State of the science: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Ad de Jongh, Carlijn de Roos, Sharif El-Leithy
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is an evidence-based psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with support from more than 30 published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrating its effectiveness in both adults and children. Most international clinical practice guidelines recommend EMDR therapy as a first-line treatment for PTSD. This paper describes
-
Linguistic and affective characteristics of script-driven imagery for adults with posttraumatic stress order: Associations with clinical outcomes during deep transcranial magnetic stimulation Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Andrew G. Guzick, Aron Tendler, Lily A. Brown, Ogechi C. Onyeka, Eric A. Storch
Brief exposure to traumatic memories using script-driven imagery (SDI) has been proposed as a promising treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigated the effect of SDI plus active versus sham deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial for adults with PTSD (N = 134). Linguistic features of scripts and self-reported
-
Gender differences in mental health outcomes among Afghanistan veterans exposed to war zone trauma Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Line Rønning, Andreas Espetvedt Nordstrand, Odin Hjemdal, Hans Jakob Bøe
Research has sought to identify whether women have an increased risk of developing mental health problems following military trauma compared to men, but the results are mixed. This study examined gender differences in a range of mental health outcomes within three levels of war zone trauma exposure and investigated gender differences in risk and protective factors associated with clinical mental health
-
Rethinking trauma-related psychopathology in the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Holly F. Levin-Aspenson, Ashley L. Greene
Research on trauma exposure and its consequences has made tremendous progress in elucidating the role of traumatic life events in the development and maintenance of psychopathology as well as in evaluating interventions aimed at addressing the personal and public burden of trauma-related psychopathology. However, there is growing concern that problems with predominant definitions of posttraumatic syndrome
-
Trauma exposure and transdiagnostic distress: Examining shared and posttraumatic stress disorder–specific associations Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Michael L. Crowe, Sage E. Hawn, Erika J. Wolf, Terence M. Keane, Brian P. Marx
We examined transdiagnostic and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)–specific associations with multiple forms of trauma exposure within a nationwide U.S. sample (N = 1,649, 50.0% female) of military veterans overselected for PTSD. A higher-order Distress factor was estimated using PTSD, major depressive disorder (MDD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms as indicators. A structural equation
-
Assisting refugee survivors of torture and trauma: An existential perspective Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-01-13 Pearl Fernandes, Paul Rhodes, Niels Buus
Consistent exposure to refugee narratives of trauma and torture can profoundly impact trauma therapists. This secondary analysis reanalyzed data from a narrative inquiry investigating the lived experiences of refugee trauma therapists. We aimed to explore emergent concerns through an existential lens to enrich understanding and provide additional insights into the lived experiences of these individuals
-
Moving forward with a culturally inclusive PTSD Criterion A: Commentary on Marx et al. (2023) Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Maureen A. Allwood
In response to Marx et al.’s (2023) article, “The PTSD Criterion A debate: A brief history, current status, and recommendations for moving forward,” this commentary offers agreement with the recommendation to conduct population-based studies to inform future Criterion A changes. However, to fully address the debate as to whether Criterion A should be expanded, limited, eliminated, or remain unchanged
-
A network analysis of Hurricane Maria–related traumatic stress and substance use among Puerto Rican youth Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Alejandro L. Vázquez, Cynthia M. Navarro Flores, Daniel K. Feinberg, Juan Carlos Gonzalez, John Young, Regan W. Stewart, Rosaura E. Orengo-Aguayo
Youth exposed to natural disasters are at risk of developing trauma-related symptoms as well as engaging in substance use. Although previous research has established associations between disaster-related stressors and substance use in youth, less has focused on how symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may underpin this association. The current study used network analysis to identify specific
-
Effects of child trauma screening on trauma-informed multidisciplinary evaluation and service planning in the child welfare system Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Christian M. Connell, Ann Shun Swanson, Maegan Genovese, Jason M. Lang
Despite the prevalence of exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) among children involved with the child welfare system (CWS), trauma screening is not yet a common practice. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of embedding a formal trauma screening process in statewide multidisciplinary evaluations for CWS-involved youth. A retrospective record review was conducted with two random
-
A clinician's guide to the 2023 VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2024-01-07 Ariel J. Lang, Jessica L. Hamblen, Paul Holtzheimer, Ursula Kelly, Sonya B. Norman, David Riggs, Paula P. Schnurr, Ilse Wiechers
A clinical practice guideline (CPG) is a rigorously established set of recommendations based on currently available evidence about the efficacy, safety, acceptability, and feasibility of interventions to assist with clinical decision-making. The 2023 Department of Veterans Affairs /Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
-
Differential correlates of prolonged grief and depression after bereavement in a population-based sample Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Arda Bağcaz, Cengiz Kılıç
Bereavement can lead to prolonged grief disorder (PGD) as well as episodes of major depression. Studies on the prevalence of PGD and its differences from postbereavement depression have not been conclusive. This study compared the correlates of depression and prolonged grief (PG) symptoms in a population-based random sample (N = 535) using the Beck Depression Inventory, Inventory of Complicated Grief–Revised
-
Psychological distress and pain related to gynecologic exams among female survivors of sexual and physical violence: A systematic review Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-12-20 Jessica N. Coleman, Sarah S. Arthur, Rebecca A. Shelby
Gender-based violence is prevalent globally, yet the impacts of sexual and physical violence on women's experiences of routine gynecologic care are not well understood. The purpose of this systematic review of quantitative research is to describe (a) psychological distress and pain related to gynecologic exams among female survivors of sexual and physical violence and (b) differences in distress or
-
The PTSD Criterion A debate: A brief history, current status, and recommendations for moving forward Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-12-20 Brian P. Marx, Brittany Hall-Clark, Matthew J. Friedman, Paul Holtzheimer, Paula P. Schnurr
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Criterion A, also known as the “stressor criterion,” has been a major source of debate ever since PTSD was added to the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM) in 1980. Since then, the traumatic stress field has held an ongoing debate about how to best define Criterion A and the events that it covers. Because of the COVID-19
-
Longitudinal associations among experiences of sexual assault, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and heavy drinking in young adults Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Eric R. Pedersen, Jordan P. Davis, Liv Canning, Joan S. Tucker, John Prindle, Rachana Seelam, Michael S. Dunbar, Daniel Siconolfi, Elizabeth J. D'Amico
Prior research with young adults has demonstrated clear associations between experiences of sexual assault, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and alcohol use, but most studies have been cross-sectional or have not considered multiple theoretical pathways to understand these associations. Using six waves of data from a longitudinal cohort sample of 1,719 young adults, we examined associations
-
The impact of substance use on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and treatment discontinuation Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Brittany L. Stevenson, Jenny Y. Lee, David W. Oslin, Melissa A. Polusny, Shannon M. Kehle-Forbes
This study examined the impact of ongoing substance use during posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) treatment on PTSD symptoms and treatment discontinuation. The study represents a secondary analysis of U.S. military veterans (N = 183) who participated in a randomized clinical trial for the treatment of both PTSD and SUD. Veterans mostly identified as Black (53.8%)
-
Treating a common comorbidity: Pain outcomes following a 3-week cognitive processing therapy–based intensive treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder address Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Merdijana Kovacevic, Mauricio Montes, Vanessa Tirone, Sarah Pridgen, Dale L. Smith, John W. Burns, Philip Held
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly co-occurs with pain and has been implicated in the maintenance of chronic pain. However, limited research has examined whether intervening for PTSD can hinder or optimize treatment outcomes for co-occurring pain and PTSD. In the present study, we examined changes in pain, PTSD, and depressive symptoms among 125 veterans completing a 3-week cognitive processing
-
The impact of screening positive for hazardous alcohol use on the diagnostic accuracy of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 among veterans Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Rebecca E. Sistad, Rachel Kimerling, Paula P. Schnurr, Michelle J. Bovin
The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) is a widely used self-report measure of PTSD symptoms that has demonstrated strong psychometric properties across settings and samples. Co-occurring hazardous alcohol use and PTSD are prevalent among veterans, and the effects of alcohol use may impact the performance of the PCL-5. However, this possibility is untested. In this study
-
Examination of race-based traumatic stress symptom networks in Black adults in the United States: A network analysis Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Nathalie Dieujuste, Yara Mekawi, Jenalee R. Doom
In the United States, racism is theorized to exert its negative effects on Black individuals’ mental health by triggering a response known as “race-based traumatic stress” (RBTS), a multidimensional construct comprising seven clusters of symptoms that can occur following exposure to race-based traumatic events (e.g., racial discrimination, racist incidents): depression, intrusion, anger, hypervigilance
-
Evidence-based treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder decreases suicidal ideation by reducing perceived burdensomeness among veterans in an outpatient program Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Rachel C. Blain, Colleen E. Martin, Carolina C. Ehlinger, Kathleen M. Chard
Evidenced-based posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments generally reduce suicidal ideation (SI), and the interpersonal theory of suicide (ITS) may theoretically account for this finding. The ITS posits that SI stems from feeling like a burden (i.e., perceived burdensomeness) and a lack of belonging (i.e., thwarted belongingness). Previous research suggests that change in PTSD severity has a
-
The Middle-Out Approach to reconceptualizing, assessing, and analyzing traumatic stress reactions Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Shane W. Adams, Christopher M. Layne, Ateka A. Contractor, Maureen A. Allwood, Chérie Armour, Sabra S. Inslicht, Shira Maguen
Alternative models of traumatic stress and broader psychopathology have been proposed to address issues of heterogeneity, comorbidity, clinical utility, and equitable representation. However, systematic and practical methods and guidelines to organize and apply these models remain scarce. The Middle-Out Approach is a novel, integrative, contextually informed framework for organizing and applying existing
-
When health care sickens the health care worker: Commentary on Park et al. (2023) Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Wolfgang Lederer
In their survey, Park and colleagues (2023) reported that many health care and hospital workers perceived that their safety was not a priority during the COVID-19 pandemic, with 33.9% of responders feeling betrayed by institutional leaders. Employees of the health care system reported being viewed more as servants than specialists during the pandemic, and they noted that critical assessment and the
-
“God was with me”: A qualitative study of Christian meaning-making among refugees Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Laura Shannonhouse, Daniel Dosal-Terminel, Daun Kwag, M. Elizabeth Lewis Hall, Crystal L. Park, Jason McMartin, Eric J. Silverman, Jamie Aten, Mary Helen O'Connor, Kelly Kapic
In this consensual qualitative research study, we investigated the role of refugees’ Christian faith in meaning-making coping. High percentages of religiosity in refugee populations support the need to understand the role of religion in their coping processes. Interviews with 20 Christian refugees from 10 African and Asian countries revealed that participants drew heavily from their faith resources
-
Complicated grief and posttraumatic stress after loss and separation under terror conditions Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Philipp Jann, Sina Neldner, Frank Neuner, Rezhna Mohammed
The lives of people in conflict areas are often characterized by the experience of traumatic events frequently accompanied by loss and separation. These can equally trigger symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complicated grief (CG). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether affected individuals could be assigned to distinct classes at symptom-cluster levels of these two
-
Military exposures and Gulf War illness in veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Stephen H. Boyle, Julie Upchurch, Elizabeth J. Gifford, Thomas S. Redding, Elizabeth R. Hauser, Deeksha Malhotra, Ashlyn Press, Kellie J. Sims, Christina D. Williams
Gulf War illness (GWI) is a chronic multisymptom disorder of unknown etiology that is believed to be caused by neurotoxicant exposure experienced during deployment to the Gulf War. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) covaries with GWI and is believed to play a role in GWI symptoms. The present study examined the association between self-reported military exposures and GWI, stratified by PTSD status
-
Using Norwegian National Patient Registry data to understand associations between potentially traumatic life experiences and mental health care use in adolescence Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Annika Skandsen, Mari Hysing, Kristin Gärtner Askeland, Martin H. Teicher, Liv Sand, Tormod Bøe
Exposure to potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs) is common among children and adolescents and associated with an increased risk of psychiatric diagnoses. This study aimed to ascertain how the number of PTEs differed across adolescent psychiatric diagnoses. Data on PTE exposure were derived from the youth@hordaland survey, and Axis 1 data were from the linked Norwegian National Patient Registry
-
Contributing factors to secondary traumatic stress and vicarious posttraumatic growth in therapists Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Eimear Cleary, David Curran, Kevin Dyer, Jane Simms, Donncha Hanna
Alongside the recognized potential negative repercussions of working as a psychological therapist, there is growing interest in the potential positive impacts of engaging in such work. The current study used a cross-sectional online survey design to explore the impact of a range of demographic, work-related, and compassion-related factors on levels of secondary traumatic stress (STS) and vicarious
-
Daily exposure to combat-related cues and posttraumatic stress symptoms among veterans: Moderating effects of peri- and postdeployment experiences Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Mahsa Mojallal, Raluca M. Simons, Jeffrey S. Simons, Surabhi Swaminath
One of the central symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heightened reactivity to trauma cues. The current study used experience sampling to investigate the associations between exposure to combat-related cues and PTSD symptoms in 93 U.S. veterans who served in support of recent military operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. We also examined the effects of peri- and postdeployment factors
-
The network structure of psychopathological and resilient responses to the pandemic: A multicountry general population study of depression and anxiety Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-13 Alba Contreras, Sarah Butter, Umberto Granziol, Anna Panzeri, Vanesa Peinado, Almudena Trucharte, Orestis Zavlis, Carmen Valiente, Carmelo Vázquez, Jamie Murphy, Marco Bertamini, Mark Shevlin, Todd K. Hartman, Giovanni Bruno, Giuseppe Mignemi, Andrea Spoto, Giulio Vidotto, Richard P. Bentall
Commonly identified patterns of psychological distress in response to adverse events are characterized by resilience (i.e., little to no distress), delayed (i.e., distress that increases over time), recovery (i.e., distress followed by a gradual decrease over time), and sustained (i.e., distress remaining stable over time). This study aimed to examine these response patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic
-
Recalled protective childhood experiences are associated with positive emotional expression in active-duty firefighters Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-13 Brittany J. Baugher, Douglas L. Delahanty, Karin G. Coifman
There is a wealth of research linking adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with negative outcomes later in life, but less research has focused on the effects of protective childhood experiences (PCEs). PCEs have been shown broadly to promote resilience, but the precise nature of this association is not clear, particularly in studies of at-risk adults. The current investigation explored the association
-
An empirical investigation of definitions of subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Alexandra B. Klein, Paula P. Schnurr, Michelle J. Bovin, Matthew J. Friedman, Terence M. Keane, Brian P. Marx
Subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has long been recognized as an important construct that identifies a subgroup of individuals who report significant PTSD symptoms and associated disability but do not endorse enough symptoms to meet the criteria for a full PTSD diagnosis. Different investigators have defined subthreshold PTSD in various ways, making it difficult to interpret findings
-
Cumulative trauma, adversity, and loss among juvenile justice–involved girls: Implications for health disparities Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Amy E. Lansing, Jane Park, Audrey N. Beck
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are social determinants of health that increase morbidity and mortality and are prevalent among juvenile justice–involved (JJI) youth. ACEs drive health-risk behaviors (e.g., substance use) that reflect maladaptive coping, increase arrest risk, and overlap with posttraumatic risk-seeking theoretically and reckless/self-destructive behaviors diagnostically. However
-
Perceptions of parenthood and child development among parents who experienced child maltreatment Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Rachel A. Wamser, Julia C. Sager
Maltreatment survivors may be at risk for parenting challenges, although the previous literature is inconsistent, has focused on individual maltreatment forms, and has overlooked posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and other trauma exposure. The current study, thus, aimed to expand this research in four key ways by (a) examining all five maltreatment forms; (b) controlling for other nonmaltreatment
-
The International Grief Questionnaire (IGQ): A new measure of ICD-11 prolonged grief disorder Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Philip Hyland, Enya Redican, Thanos Karatzias, Mark Shevlin
Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is included in the 11th version of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11). This study sought to test the validity and reliability of a new brief measure to screen for ICD-11 PGD—the International Grief Questionnaire (IGQ). The psychometric properties of the IGQ were tested using data collected from two bereaved samples
-
Childhood and adulthood trauma exposure: Associations with perinatal mental health and psychotherapy response Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Carolyn Ponting, Melissa Bond, Belén Rogowski, Ann Chu, Alicia F. Lieberman
Trauma exposure is strongly linked to maternal posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive symptoms during the perinatal period; however, childhood trauma exposure is often assessed without accounting for adult exposure. This study tested the unique impacts of childhood and adulthood trauma exposure on PTSD and depressive symptoms among pregnant women (N = 107, 82.9% Latina) enrolled in a nonrandomized
-
An examination of relationship satisfaction as a predictor of outcomes of brief couple therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-29 Lauren M. Sippel, Kayla C. Knopp, Tamara Wachsman, Chandra E. Khalifian, Shirley M. Glynn, Leslie A. Morland
The pretreatment quality of intimate relationships can promote or interfere with couple therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment response. We tested whether baseline relationship satisfaction predicted clinical and process outcomes in two dyadic treatments for PTSD. Using data from a randomized trial comparing brief cognitive behavioral conjoint therapy (bCBCT) for PTSD to PTSD family
-
Associations between sleep problems and posttraumatic stress symptoms, social functioning, and quality of life in refugees with posttraumatic stress disorder Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Hannah Schumm, Regina Steil, Franziska Lechner-Meichsner, Nexhmedin Morina, Cornelia Weise, Ricarda Mewes, Sascha Kuck, Julia Reuter, Julia Giesebrecht, Barbara Cludius, Thomas Ehring
Many patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suffer from sleep problems, leading to impairments in social functioning and quality of life. Refugees are at high risk for sleep problems due to stressful life circumstances and a high PTSD prevalence. However, limited data on the frequency of sleep problems in refugees with diagnosed PTSD exist. This study examined the frequency of sleep problems
-
The interactions between patient preferences, expectancies, and stigma contribute to posttraumatic stress disorder treatment outcomes Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 John C. Moring, Alan L. Peterson, Casey L. Straud, Jordan Ortman, Jim Mintz, Stacey Young-McCaughan, Cindy A. McGeary, Donald D. McGeary, Brett T. Litz, Alexandra Macdonald, John D. Roache, Patricia A. Resick, for the STRONG STAR Consortium
Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) is an effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, some patients do not improve to the same extent as others. It is important to understand potential factors that can be modified for better patient outcomes. This clinical trial implemented a three-arm, equipoise-stratified randomization design to allow for the accommodation of patient preference
-
Children with sexual behavior problems: Ties to child maltreatment, family functioning, and help-seeking Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-25 Claudia L. Campbell, Rachel A. Wamser
Although the literature on children's sexual behavior problems (SBPs) has indicated that maltreatment and family dysfunction are linked to SBPs, several facets of these factors have remained unexamined. Prior research has largely focused on SBPs more broadly, though interpersonal SBPs (ISBPs) are likely a distinct, more severe SBP subtype. The aim of the current study was to examine potentially relevant
-
Predicting optimal treatment outcomes in phase-based treatment and direct trauma-focused treatment among patients with posttraumatic stress disorder stemming from childhood abuse Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Susanne Bremer, Noortje I. van Vliet, Suzanne Van Bronswijk, Rafaele Huntjens, Ad de Jongh, Maarten K. van Dijk
Research over the last few decades has demonstrated the effectiveness of various treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the question of which treatment works best remains, especially for patients with PTSD stemming from childhood abuse. Using the Personalized Advantage Index (PAI), we explored which patients benefit more from phase-based treatment and which benefit more from
-
Minimal important difference metrics and test–retest reliability of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 with a primary care sample Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Brittany E. Blanchard, Morgan Johnson, Sarah B. Campbell, David E. Reed, Shiyu Chen, Patrick J. Heagerty, Brian P. Marx, Debra Kaysen, John C. Fortney
The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) is a measure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity that is widely used for clinical and research purposes. Although previous work has examined metrics of minimal important difference (MID) of the PCL-5 in veteran samples, no work has identified PCL-5 MID metrics among adults in primary care in the United States. In this secondary analysis, data
-
Potentially traumatic pandemic stressors and anxiety-related sleep disturbance among Latinx persons Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Victor Buitron, Nubia Angelina Mayorga, Anka A. Vujanovic, Norman B. Schmidt, Michael J. Zvolensky
Latinx persons have endured elevated rates of traumatic stress related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The effect of potentially traumatic pandemic stressors on anxiety-related sleep disturbances, a factor implicated in trauma-related psychopathology, is largely unexamined in this population. The present study evaluated the additive effect of potentially traumatic pandemic stressors (e.g., hospitalization)
-
Employment status among US military veterans with a history of posttraumatic stress disorder: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Ian C. Fischer, Paula P. Schnurr, Robert H. Pietrzak
The current study examined the prevalence and correlates of employment status in a nationally representative sample of U.S. military veterans with a probable lifetime history of posttraumatic stress disorder. Participants were 4,609 veterans from National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (NHRVS) Bivariate analyses compared the employment status of veterans with regard to sociodemographic, military
-
Acceptability of a smartphone-based intervention targeting anxiety sensitivity among women receiving emergency care after sexual assault: A pilot uncontrolled trial Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-05 Nicole A. Short, Mahlon Brady, Megan Lechner, Karen Serrano, Samuel A. McLean
Anxiety sensitivity (AS), defined as the fear of anxious arousal, is a promising therapeutic target to reduce posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom development after trauma exposure. Computerized AS interventions have been shown to be acceptable to individuals with PTSD symptoms and effective in achieving symptom reduction; however, to our knowledge, no research has examined AS interventions
-
Disaster exposure and mental health among Puerto Rican teachers after Hurricane Maria Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Enoch T. Sackey, Regan W. Stewart, John Young, Rosaura Orengo-Aguayo
The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) outcomes among teachers (N = 8,167) exposed to Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico. The findings indicate that the rates of likely significant symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD were 13.1%, 8.7%, and 5.4%, respectively. There were no significant disparities in psychopathological
-
Comparing written exposure therapy delivered via telehealth to trauma-focused expressive writing in undergraduates: A proof-of-concept trial Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Robyn A. Ellis, Benjamin C. Darnell, Holly K. Orcutt
The literature demonstrates that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) rates are estimated to be higher on college campuses compared to lifetime estimates in the general population. Written exposure therapy (WET) is a promising brief intervention for posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) with a growing literature of evidence suggesting efficacy, lower drop-out rates compared to other evidence-based protocols
-
Minority stress and mental health in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer survivors of sexual assault Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-09-30 Carter E. Bedford, Aoife M. Trotter, Miracle Potter, Norman B. Schmidt
Extant research has shown that sexual violence disproportionately affects lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) individuals, conferring risk for the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and related mental health conditions. However, little research has focused on specific vulnerabilities among LGBTQ+-identified sexual assault (SA) survivors (e.g., minority stress) and
-
Differential impact of type of killing on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in U.S. Army soldiers deployed to Afghanistan Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Brian C. Kok, Moira Dux, Terry Lee-Wilk, Kristina Clarke-Walper, Joshua E. Wilk
Over the past 20 years, U.S. military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have been marked by high rates of combat and wartime killings. Research on Vietnam-era service members suggests that the type of killing (i.e., killing a combatant vs. noncombatant) is an important predictor of later mental health problems, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study aimed to update these
-
Testing the latent structure of ICD-11 prolonged grief disorder symptoms in the U.K. adult population: An exploratory structural equation modeling approach Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Mark Shevlin, Enya Redican, Jamie Murphy, Philip Hyland, Thanos Karatzias
The latent structure of ICD-11 prolonged grief disorder (PGD), as measured using the International Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (IPGDS), was assessed in a large general population sample of bereaved adults from the United Kingdom. Data were derived from Wave 5 of the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium Study (C19PRC-UK). Exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) was used to assess the
-
Body-and movement-oriented interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis Journal of Traumatic Stress (IF 3.952) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Minke M. van de Kamp, Mia Scheffers, Claudia Emck, Ties J. Fokker, Janneke Hatzmann, Pim Cuijpers, Peter J. Beek
This study is an update of the meta-analysis we published in 2019 on the effectiveness of body- and movement-oriented interventions (BMOIs) for adults with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in decreasing PTSD symptoms and secondary outcomes of depressive symptoms, sleep disturbance, and interoceptive awareness. Search terms for BMOIs and PTSD were combined to identify eligible studies in four bibliographical