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Imagery rescripting: The value of an added positive emotion component Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Nicole Geschwind, Evelyn Keasberry, Marisol Voncken, Jill Lobbestael, Maarten Peters, Marleen Rijkeboer, Dalena van Heugten-van der Kloet
Imagery Rescripting (ImRs) aims to reduce trauma-related negative emotions and intrusions. Positive emotions during ImRs may aid coping with the consequences of trauma, but protocols vary in the extent to which they explicitly target such positive emotions. We used a multiple-day design with a trauma film paradigm to investigate whether adding an explicit positive emotion component to ImRs improved
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Transitioning to college: Testing cognitive bias modification for interpretations as an inoculation tool for social anxiety in college first-years Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Sarah E. Dreyer-Oren, Akanksha Das, Rachel B. Geyer, Robert E. Fite, Elizabeth J. Kiel, Elise M. Clerkin
Reducing social anxiety development among incoming college students may improve college adjustment and mental health outcomes. This study tested whether cognitive bias modification for interpretations (CBM-I) reduces social anxiety and increases adjustment during the transition to college, and whether changes in outcomes would be mediated by changes in interpretation biases. Participants (N = 73) were
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Compulsive rituals in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder – A qualitative exploration of thoughts, feelings and behavioral patterns Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Yair Wairauch, Jedidiah Siev, Udi Hasdai, Reuven Dar
Rituals are common among healthy individuals and across cultures and often serve adaptive purposes. In individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), rituals become compulsive, time-consuming and distressing, and may lead to functional impairment. Previous research has examined the functions and characteristics of compulsive rituals, but there is paucity of in-depth, first-person reports about
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The effect of self-focused attention during mirror gazing on body image evaluations, appearance-related imagery and urge to mirror gaze Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2024-03-03 Si Min Jasmine Chuah, Oliver Suendermann
Mirror gazing has been linked to poor body image. Cognitive-behavioural models propose that mirror gazing induces self-focused attention. This activates appearance-related imagery, increases body dissatisfaction and promotes mirror gazing. However, evidence for these relationships remains scarce. Our study experimentally investigated how self-focused attention impacts overall and facial appearance
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Non-fear emotions in changes in posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms during treatment Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Sophie A. Rameckers, Arnold A.P. van Emmerik, Raoul P.P.P. Grasman, Arnoud Arntz
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not only associated with fear but also with other emotions. The present study aimed to examine if changes in shame, guilt, anger, and disgust predicted changes in PTSD symptoms during treatment, while also testing if PTSD symptoms, in turn, predicted changes in these emotions. Participants ( = 155) with childhood-related PTSD received a maximum of 12 sessions
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Testing a brief attention training protocol to prevent emotional distress from a fear induction procedure Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Mikael Rubin
Attentional hypervigilance to threat in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an expanding area of investigation. Efforts to leverage attention training to prevent PTSD have been promising but underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The current study tested whether Attention Bias Modification (ABM) prior to an emotion induction of fear could reduce self-reported fear and arousal compared
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Embodied cognitive restructuring: The impact of posture and movement on changing dysfunctional attitudes Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 M.S. O’Toole, J. Michalak
Previous theoretical and empirical work has pointed to the important role of the body in emotion generation and emotion regulation. In the present study, we wanted to investigate if the performance of certain body postures and movement could facilitate cognitive restructuring of cognitive attitudes more effectively than traditional, verbal-only methods. In total, 130 participants were randomized to
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Fear-related associations in children of parents with an anxiety disorder Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Anke M. Klein, Rianne E. Van Niekerk, Esther Allart Van Dam, Mike Rinck, Marc J.P.M. Verbraak, Giel J.M. Hutschemaekers, Eni S. Becker
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Editorial Board Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
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Sleep-related attentional bias in insomnia: The mediating role of arousal Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Cindy Lebrun, Pom Charras, Sophie Bayard
Characterize the nature of attentional biases toward nocturnal and diurnal sleep-related stimuli in individuals with insomnia disorder. We investigated the contributing role of sleep-related attentional biases in insomnia severity and whether their effects on insomnia severity were mediated by arousal and valence levels of the presented stimuli. Sixty-four individuals with insomnia disorder and 70
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Effectiveness of exposure-based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders: An open clinical trial to test its relation with indices of emotional processing and inhibitory learning Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Rachel de Jong, Miriam J.J. Lommen, Peter J. de Jong, Wiljo J.P.J. van Hout, Adina C.E. Duin-van der Marel, Maaike H. Nauta
Background and objectives The current study examined how effectiveness of exposure-based CBT was related to indices of emotional processing and inhibitory learning during exposure exercises. Methods Adolescents with anxiety disorder(s) (N = 72; age 11–19; 85% girls) received a group-based, intensive two-week treatment of which effectiveness was indexed by the SCARED and by ratings of anxiety and approach
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Interpretation biases in childhood spider fear: Content-specificity, priming, and avoidance Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Anke M. Klein, Rianne E. van Niekerk, Mike Rinck, Esther Allart, Eni S. Becker
Background and objectives The relation between fear and interpretation bias has been widely studied in children. However, much less is known about its content-specificity and how interpretation biases predict variance in avoidance. The current study examined different interpretation bias tasks, the role of priming and the ability of the interpretation bias tasks to predict spider fear-related avoidance
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Targeting negative flashforward imagery in speech anxiety with a visuospatial dual-task: Do attenuated flashforwards lead to less anxiety and avoidance? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Marjolein R. Thunnissen, Peter J. de Jong, Marleen M. Rijkeboer, Marisol J. Voncken, Ronald M. Rapee, Maaike H. Nauta
Background and objectives It has been proposed that negative mental imagery plays an important role in the persistence of social fears. Experiencing vivid and distressing ‘flashforward’ images of a potential social catastrophe appears to be of relevance in speech anxiety. To clarify the role of these images, the current experimental study tested if reducing the vividness and distressing properties
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Aversive conditioning is impaired in impulsive individuals: A study on learning asymmetries Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Laurens T. Kemp, Tom Smeets, Anita Jansen, Katrijn Houben
Background and objectives Appetitive and aversive conditioning are thought to be involved in the development and maintenance of mental disorders including anxiety, mood, eating, and substance use disorders. However, few studies measure the relative strength of appetitive and aversive associations, and their relevance to the risk of mental disorders. This study aims to address this gap. Methods We tested
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The legacy of social anxiety-linked negative expectancy: A pathway from pre-event negative expectancies to post-event negative thinking Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-12-17 Julian Basanovic, Lily Kowal, Sophie Millward, Colin MacLeod
Background and objectives Following engagement in a social event people with heightened vulnerability to social anxiety report elevated levels of negative thinking about the event, and this post-event negative thinking is implicated in the maintenance of social anxiety vulnerability. It has also been established that heightened social anxiety vulnerability is associated with disproportionately negative
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The effectiveness of a masked counterconditioning approach using continuous flash suppression to alleviate body dissatisfaction in women with high body image concerns Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Irina Masselman, Klaske A. Glashouwer, Mark M. Span, Peter J. de Jong
Background and objectives Research that used counterconditioning (CC) to reduce women's negative body image has led to mixed results. One explanation could be that the negative responses elicited by own body pictures hinder the effectiveness of CC procedures in adjusting overly negative attitudes towards the own body. In this study we therefore tried to prevent the impact of negative responses by limiting
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Psychopathy and gaze cueing Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-12-05 Carlo Garofalo, Andrew Jones, Lieke Nentjes, Steven M. Gillespie
Background and objectives Psychopathic traits – and especially callous affective features – have been linked to altered processing of others’ emotional expressions, and to reduced attention to the eyes. Despite the importance of gaze cueing (i.e., the tendency to orient attention toward where someone else is looking) for social functioning, few studies have investigated relationships between psychopathic
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Development of the scrupulosity inventory: A factor analysis and construct validity study Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-12-03 Chris H. Miller, Dawson W. Hedges, Bruce Brown, Joseph Olsen, Elijah C. Baughan
Background and objectives Scrupulosity, despite its considerable prevalence and morbidity, remains under-investigated. The present study develops and examines the psychometric properties of a comprehensive assessment tool, the Scrupulosity Inventory (SI). Methods The SI, along with other measures of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and perfectionism, were administered to a sample (N = 150) of college
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Examining the influence of self-referential thinking on aberrant salience and jumping to conclusions bias in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Shreya Jagtap, Michael W. Best
Background and objectives Cognitive processes such as aberrant salience and the jumping to conclusions (JTC) bias are implicated in the development of delusions. Self-referential thinking is implicated in this process; however, it is unknown how it may interact with aberrant salience and JTC bias in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSDs). This study examined associations of self-referential
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Implicit aggressive self-concept in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Results from an approach-avoidance task Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Josefine Gehlenborg, Franziska Miegel, Steffen Moritz, Jakob Scheunemann, Amir-Hosseyn Yassari, Lena Jelinek
Background and objectives Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have reported higher anger and aggression than healthy individuals in previous studies using explicit measures. However, studies using implicit measures have demonstrated mixed results. The aim of the present study was to investigate implicit aggressiveness in OCD using an approach-avoidance task (AAT). Methods Seventy-eight
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Implicit beliefs and automatic associations in smoking Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-11-13 Helen Tibboel, Bram Van Bockstaele, Adriaan Spruyt, Ingmar Franken
Background and objectives Dual process models of addiction suggest that controlled, goal-directed processes prevent drug-use, whereas impulsive, stimulus-driven processes promote drug-use. The most frequently used measure of automatic smoking-related processes, the implicit association test (IAT), has yielded mixed results. We examine the validity of two alternative implicit measures: 1) the affect
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A preliminary investigation of the causal role of social media use in eating disorder symptoms Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-11-04 Laura Dondzilo, Tamsin Mahalingham, Patrick J.F. Clarke
Background and objectives Research has consistently shown that greater social media use is associated with elevated eating disorder (ED) symptoms. Importantly, however, the investigation of this relationship has largely relied upon the use of self-report measures of social media use in the context of correlational designs. Given that correlational studies do not permit inferences regarding causation
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Beliefs about losing control and other OCD-related cognitions: An experimental investigation Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Andrea Sandstrom, Adam S. Radomsky
Background and objectives Cognitive theories of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suggest that dysfunctional beliefs influence symptoms. However, well-established belief domains do not fully explain OCD symptomatology, suggesting other cognitive mechanisms may be involved. An additional belief domain which may play a role in OCD is beliefs about losing control. Indeed, these beliefs have been found
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Using experience sampling methodology (ESM) to improve our understanding of day-to-day intrusion frequency and related distress in survivors of trauma Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Alexandra R. Canty, Tim D. Windsor, Reginald D.V. Nixon
Background and objectives Cognitive models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that appraisals of traumatic sequelae and subsequent distress drive the development and maintenance of PTSD. Posttraumatic research has relied heavily on macro-longitudinal designs, with weeks or months between assessments of trauma-related cognitions and symptoms. The present study uses experience sampling methodology
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The effectiveness of two novel approaches to prevent intrusions: A pilot study comparing Tetris_dualtask and imagery rescripting to control Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Joost Asselbergs, Heleen Riper, Iris M. Engelhard, Fancy Mannes, Marit Sijbrandij
Background and objectives Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a global health problem. Although effective treatments for it exist, early interventions that prevent PTSD from developing are lacking. The aim of this pilot analogue trauma study was to compare the effects of two potential early intervention strategies, namely Tetris_dualtask and imagery rescripting (IR) to a no-intervention control
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An investigation of the potential clinical utility of critical slowing down as an early warning sign for recurrence of depression Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-10-27 Natasha A. Tonge, J. Philip Miller, Evan D. Kharasch, Eric J. Lenze, Thomas L. Rodebaugh
Background and objectives Much of the burden of depressive illness is due to relapses that occur after treatment into remission. Prediction of an individual's imminent depressive relapse could lead to just-in-time interventions to prevent relapse, reducing depression's substantial burden of disability, costs, and suicide risk. Increasingly strong relationships in the form of autocorrelations between
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Reliability (or lack thereof) of smartphone ecological momentary assessment of visual dot probe attention bias toward threat indices Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Nur Hani Zainal, Nicholas C. Jacobson
Background and objectives Cognitive bias theories posit that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) are entwined with attention bias toward threats, commonly indexed by faster response time (RT) on threat-congruent (vs. threat-incongruent) trials on the visual dot probe. Moreover, although smartphone ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of the visual dot probe has been
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Virtual reality exposure with vibrotactile stimulation for the treatment of fear of flying: A pilot study Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 J.M. Ribé-Viñes, J. Gutiérrez-Maldonado, Zahra Zabolipour, M. Ferrer-Garcia
Background and objectives Virtual reality (VR) interventions are becoming more prevalent in treating fear of flying (FoF). Since multisensory stimulation can enhance the sense of presence in a virtual environment, the present study compared virtual reality exposure with and without vibrotactile cues to determine its contribution to the realism of the virtual experience. Methods A repeated measures
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The effectiveness of cognitive bias modification in reducing substance use in detained juveniles: An RCT Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-10-05 Hans S. van der Baan, dr Annematt L. Collot D'Escury-Koenigs, dr Reinout W. Wiers
Background and objective Young offenders show high levels of substance use. Treatment programs within detention settings are less effective. Cognitive bias modification (CBM) is a promising supplement to substance use treatment. This study tests the effectiveness of CBM in young offenders to reduce cannabis and alcohol use, and delinquent recidivism. Method A randomized controlled trial added CBM to
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Mental threat rehearsal increases fear generalization Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-10-04 Eva A.M. van Dis, Muriel A. Hagenaars, Iris M. Engelhard
Background and objectives Fear generalization to harmless stimuli characterizes anxiety-related disorders, but much remains unknown about its determinants. Based on studies showing that mental imagery of threat can increase conditioned fear responding, we tested whether it also facilitates fear generalization, and whether threat inflation moderates this effect. Methods In a fear conditioning study
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Putting things right: An experimental investigation of memory biases related to symmetry, ordering and arranging behaviour Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-09-28 Adam S. Radomsky, Catherine Ouellet-Courtois, Elissa Golden, Jessica M. Senn, Chris L. Parrish
Background and objectives Research indicates the presence of both explicit and implicit memory biases for threat. However, empirical support for the presence of memory biases related to symmetry, ordering and arranging is lacking, despite the fact that many individuals report anxiety associated with their personal belongings being out of place. The aim of this experiment was to examine memory biases
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Learning to be inventive in the face of statistics: A positive reappraisal intervention for statistics anxiety Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Corinna M. Perchtold-Stefan, Magdalena Schertler, Manuela Paechter, Andreas Fink, Elisabeth M. Weiss, Ilona Papousek
Background and objectives The burden of statistics anxiety on students calls for effective interventions. This study investigated whether a cognitive reappraisal training designed to stimulate the generation of positive re-interpretations may yield behavioral changes in anxiety measures and changes in cerebral activation patterns reflecting the activation of approach/avoidance motivational tendencies
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The impact of self-referential processing on depression-linked negative interpretive bias Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-09-23 Clair Lawson, Colin MacLeod, Geoff Hammond, Ben Grafton
Background and objectives Cognitive theories propose that individuals with heightened depression are characterized by biases in memory and interpretation, favoring the processing of negative information. Individuals with heightened depression exhibit a negative memory bias, and this bias is disproportionately evident when emotional information is processed in a self-referential manner. In studies investigating
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A brief CBT intervention for depersonalisation-derealisation disorder in psychosis: Results from a feasibility randomised controlled trial Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Simone Farrelly, Emmanuelle Peters, Matilda Azis, Anthony S. David, Elaine C.M. Hunter
Background and objectives Depersonalisation/derealisation symptoms are prevalent in psychosis patients, are associated with increased impairment, and may maintain psychosis symptoms. We aimed to establish the feasibility and acceptability of a brief, six session therapy protocol adapted from a Cognitive-Behavioural model of Depersonalisation-Derealisation Disorder (DDD) in participants with psychotic
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Negative mood and optimism bias: An experimental investigation of sadness and belief updating Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-09-09 Aleksandr T. Karnick, Brian W. Bauer, Daniel W. Capron
Background and objectives Understanding how individuals integrate new information to form beliefs under changing emotional conditions is crucial to describing decision-making processes. Previous research suggests that although most people demonstrate bias toward optimistic appraisals of new information when updating beliefs, individuals with dysphoric psychiatric conditions (e.g., major depression)
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Emotion dynamics of clients with test anxiety before and after an imagery-based treatment Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-09-03 Jessica Uhl, Steffen Eberhardt, Brian Schwartz, Eshkol Rafaeli, Wolfgang Lutz
Background and objectives Imagery-based techniques have become a promising means in the treatment of test anxiety (TA). Although previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of imagery-based treatment, not all clients seem to benefit from it. The present study compares clients' pre- as well as post-treatment emotion dynamics between responders and non-responders. Furthermore, it examines treatment-related
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Examining reciprocal relations between disgust proneness and OCD symptoms: A four-wave longitudinal study Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Bunmi O. Olatunji, Jingu Kim
Background and objectives Although disgust proneness has been implicated in the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), available studies have largely employed cross-sectional designs and the prospective and the potentially reciprocal association between disgust proneness and OCD symptoms remains unclear. The present study employs cross lagged panel analysis to examine the prospective and
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Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral group therapy, psychodrama, and their integration for treatment of social anxiety disorder: A randomized controlled trial Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-08-28 Hanieh Abeditehrani, Corine Dijk, Mohsen Dehghani Neyshabouri, Arnoud Arntz
Background and objectives Although cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBGT) is an effective treatment for social anxiety disorder, many socially anxious patients are still symptomatic after treatment. A possible improvement for CBGT could come from the more experiential group psychotherapy, psychodrama (PD). The integration of CBGT and PD (labeled CBPT) might offer an even more effective treatment
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Editorial Board Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-08-23
Abstract not available
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A neuropsychological study of misophonia Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Amitai Abramovitch, Tanya A. Herrera, Joseph L. Etherton
Background and objectives Misophonia is a recently identified condition characterized by negative emotional responsivity to certain types of sounds. Although progress has been made in understanding of neuronal, psychophysiological, and psychopathological mechanisms, important gaps in research remain, particularly insight into cognitive function. Accordingly, we conducted the first neuropsychological
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Does gaze anxiety predict actual gaze avoidance and is it more informative than social anxiety? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Jiemiao Chen, Esther van den Bos, P. Michiel Westenberg
Background and Objectives In recent years eye-tracking studies have provided converging evidence that socially anxious individuals avoid looking at other people's faces in social situations. In addition to these objective measures, the Gaze Anxiety Rating Scale (GARS) has increasingly been used as a self-report measure of gaze avoidance. However, extant results concerning its predictive validity were
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How do mindfulness and compassion programs improve mental health and well-being? The role of attentional processing of emotional information Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-07-23 Pablo Roca, Carmelo Vazquez, Gustavo Diez, Richard J. McNally
Background and objectives Although the benefits of Meditation-Based Programs are well documented, the mechanisms underlying these benefits have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we examined whether: (1) formal training in mindfulness and compassion meditation modifies the distribution of attentional resources towards emotional information; and (2) whether changes in attentional processing of emotional
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Examining the role of trait anxiety and attentional bias to negative information in intrusion vulnerability following an emotionally negative event Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Ines Pandzic, Lies Notebaert, Julian Basanovic, Colin MacLeod
Background and objectives Research shows that individuals with heightened trait anxiety are more likely to experience intrusions; however, the mechanism that accounts for this relationship is unclear. Two alternative hypotheses were tested to determine the nature of the associations between trait anxiety, attentional bias to negative information, and intrusion vulnerability. Methods Intrusions were
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Effects of acceptance-based strategies on psychological responses to disorder-relevant stimuli in inpatients with obsessive–compulsive disorder: An experimental study Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-07-05 David R. Kolar, Adrian Meule, Eva M. Zisler, Caroline Schwartz, Ulrich Voderholzer
Background and objectives Preliminary findings suggest that acceptance and commitment therapy-informed exposure therapy may be an effective treatment for obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, there is a lack of experimental studies that have examined immediate effects of acceptance-based strategies during exposure to disorder-relevant stimuli in persons with OCD. Methods Fifty-three inpatients
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Emotional interference and attentional control in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: The special case of neutral faces Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-07-05 Joana Grave, Nuno Madeira, Sofia Morais, Paulo Rodrigues, Sandra C. Soares
Background and objectives Schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) are characterized by impaired emotion processing and attention. SSD patients are more sensitive to the presence of emotional distractors. But despite growing interest on the emotion-attention interplay, emotional interference in SSD is far from fully understood. Moreover, research to date has not established the link between emotional
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Metacognitive monitoring in schizotypy: Systematic literature review and new empirical data Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-07-08 Mirko Lehmann, Ulrich Ettinger
Background and objectives Deficits in metacognition, the ability to monitor one's own mental states, are key elements of the functional pathology of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Little is known, however, about the integrity of metacognitive processes in subclinical schizotypy. The purpose of the present investigation was two-fold: First, we conducted a preregistered, systematic literature review
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Impact of virtual reality applications in the treatment of anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Dominik Schröder, Kamil J. Wrona, Frank Müller, Stephanie Heinemann, Florian Fischer, Christoph Dockweiler
Background and objectives Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide. Virtual reality (VR) treatment approaches have increasingly been studied. Before clinical implementation, it is necessary to evaluate the treatment effect of VR applications. The objective is to evaluate the treatment effect of virtual reality applications in the treatment of anxiety disorders compared to
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The impact of mood-induction on maladaptive thinking in the vulnerability for depression Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-06-16 Marlijn E. Besten, Marie-José van Tol, Jacolien van Rij, Marieke K. van Vugt
Background and objectives Mind-wandering, and specifically the frequency and content of mind-wandering, plays an important role in the psychological well-being of individuals. Repetitive negative thinking has been associated with a high risk to develop and maintain Major Depressive Disorder. We here combined paradigms and techniques from cognitive sciences and experimental clinical psychology to study
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Impacts of repeated retrieval of positive and neutral memories on posttrauma health: An investigative pilot study Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-06-14 Ateka A. Contractor, Brett Messman, Preston Gould, Danica C. Slavish, Nicole H. Weiss
Background and objectives Evidence indicates that positive memory processes play a role in the etiology and maintenance of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and related posttrauma health indicators. To extend this research, the current pilot study examined if repeated retrieval of positive vs. neutral memories was associated with (1) less PTSS and depression severity; and (2) improved affect and
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Exploring intrusions without awareness: A preliminary study of the characteristics and influences of meta-awareness failures Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-06-12 Yu-Tung J. Sun, Melanie K.T. Takarangi, Reginald D.V. Nixon
Background and Objectives Research shows that people can lack meta-awareness (i.e., being explicitly aware) of their trauma-related thoughts, which impacts our understanding of re-experiencing symptoms, a key symptom type in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), assessed through self-report. This preliminarily study explored differences between (meta-)aware and unaware intrusion characteristics to
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Latent class analysis of emotions experienced during compulsive hair-pulling episodes Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-06-08 Macy M. Hicks, Suzanne Mouton-Odum, Kevin C. Patyk, Ryan J. Zamora, Alessandro S. De Nadai
Background and objectives Reasons for compulsive hair pulling are heterogeneous and not fully understood. Given that many people who experience compulsive hair pulling do not respond to treatment, identifying subgroups can inform potential mechanisms and treatment design. Methods We sought to identify empirical subgroups among participants in an online treatment program for trichotillomania (N = 1728)
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Reducing the stickiness of negative memory retrieval through positive memory training in adolescents Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Eline Belmans, Hendrik-Jan De Vuyst, Keisuke Takano, Filip Raes
Background and objectives Individuals at risk for depression exhibit a decreased ability to disengage from negative memory retrieval during times of mental distress, partly because they have difficulty retrieving positive memories to repair sad mood. In this study, we tested whether this persistent tendency for negative memory retrieval could be reduced in adolescents through repeated practice to retrieve
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Relation among, trait anxiety, intolerance to uncertainty and early maltreatment experiences on fear discrimination learning and avoidance generalization online task Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-06-05 Consuelo San Martín, Mario A. Laborda, Gonzalo Miguez, Andrea Sánchez, Bram Vervliet, Vanetza Quezada-Scholz
Background and objectives Early aversive experiences, which have been associated with elevated anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty (IUS), may contribute negatively to fear conditioning learning. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relation among individual differences in childhood maltreatment experiences, trait anxiety, and IUS in adulthood; and to determine how these variables could
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Predictors of paranoia in the daily lives of people with non-affective psychosis and non-clinical controls: A systematic review of intensive longitudinal studies Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-05-29 Thies Lüdtke, Kristina Sophie Hedelt, Stefan Westermann
Background and objectives Worrying, self-esteem, sleep problems, anomalous internal experiences, reasoning biases, and interpersonal sensitivity are associated with paranoia. However, no review has examined whether these variables function as predictors of paranoia in everyday life. The present systematic review of intensive longitudinal studies (e.g., experience sampling) examined contemporaneous
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Rethinking paranoid ideation and reasoning: A pilot study based on the argumentative theory of reasoning Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-05-27 Sarah Ulrich, Roselind Lieb, Thea Zander-Schellenberg
Background and objectives Cognitive theories assume an imbalance of intuitive and analytical reasoning in paranoid ideation. The argumentative theory of reasoning offers an approach on the primary function of reasoning and its flaws. It assumes social exchange as main purpose of reasoning. We applied this theory to delusion research and tested experimentally whether social exchange in the form of production
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Emotion-dependent language featuring depression Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-05-27 Chaoqing Yang, Xinying Zhang, Yuxuan Chen, Yunge Li, Shu Yu, Bingmei Zhao, Tao Wang, Lizhu Luo, Shan Gao
Background and objectives Understanding language features of depression contributes to the detection of the disorder. Considering that depression is characterized by dysfunctions in emotion and individuals with depression often show emotion-dependent cognition, the present study investigated the speech features and word use of emotion-dependent narrations in patients with depression. Methods Forty
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Knowledge acquisition following internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for loneliness – A secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-05-13 Anton Käll, Gerhard Andersson
Background and objectives Knowledge about a condition and how to treat it is part of most cognitive behavioural therapies. This is particularly relevant for self-help treatments such as internet-based CBT, which is commonly delivered in the form of didactic materials. The role of knowledge acquisition in treatment outcomes is an understudied area. The present study sought to investigate knowledge acquisition
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Effects of an eating club for people with a psychotic disorder on personal recovery: Results of a randomized controlled trial Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 Jelle Sjoerd Vogel, Jojanneke Bruins, Marte Swart, Edith Liemburg, Mark van der Gaag, Stynke Castelein
Background and objectives Many people with a psychotic disorder are coping with severe psychosocial limitations related to their illness. The current randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigates the effects of an eating club intervention (HospitalitY (HY)) aimed to improve personal and societal recovery. Methods In 15 biweekly sessions participants received individual home-based skill training and
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Exploring aspects of self-reported emotional mental imagery in patients with bipolar disorder Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-05-08 K.C. van den Berg, M. Voncken, A.T. Hendrickson, M. Di Simplicio, E.J. Regeer, L. Rops, G.P.J. Keijsers
Background and objectives CBT for patients with bipolar disorder has modest effects. Across disorders, mental imagery has been used to update CBT to increase effectiveness. In order to enhance CBT for bipolar disorder with imagery techniques, research is needed into emotional imagery quality and, related appraisals of imagery and their relationships with mood instability and subsequent behaviour in
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A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for body dysmorphic disorder: Impact on core symptoms, emotion dysregulation, and executive functioning Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 2.662) Pub Date : 2023-05-08 Ying-Qi Gu, Yi Zhu
Background and objectives Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is garnering increasing empirical interest as an intervention for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD), although no studies of mindfulness as a standalone treatment have included a sample composed entirely of patients with BDD or a comparison group. The aim of this study was to investigate the improvement of MBCT intervention on the core