
显示样式: 排序: IF: - GO 导出
-
A brief cognitive-behavioural treatment approach for PTSD and Dissociative Identity Disorder, a case report Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-04-02 Agnes van Minnen, Marleen Tibben
Background and objectives We described a new treatment model for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), based on cognitive-behavioural principles. In this model, dissociation is seen as a maladaptive avoidant coping strategy. In addition, we stress that patients have dysfunctional beliefs about dissociation. Both elements, avoidance behaviour and dysfunctional
-
The influence of nocebo information on fatigue and urge to stop: An experimental investigation Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-04-03 Bert Lenaert, Marc Bennett, Yannick Boddez, Caroline van Heugten
Background and objectives Fatigue is an adaptive state after prolonged effort and often goes hand in hand with changes in behavior and motivation, such as the urge to stop exerting further effort. However, fatigue may become chronic in nature, as seen in multiple psychiatric disorders and chronic diseases, thereby losing its adaptive function. The etiology of fatigue symptoms remains poorly understood
-
Development of a behavioural measure of Intolerance of Uncertainty in preadolescent children: Adaptation of the beads task Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-03-26 Nihan Osmanağaoğlu, Cathy Creswell, Helen F. Dodd
Background and objectives Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) may be important for the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders but research with preadolescent children has relied entirely on questionnaire measures to assess IU. Here we aimed to develop a behavioural measure of IU that was appropriate for preadolescent children by adapting the beads task (Jacoby, Abramowitz, Buck, & Fabricant,
-
Trajectories of fear learning in healthy participants are able to distinguish groups that differ in individual characteristics, chronicity of fear and intrusions Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-03-08 N.A. Leen, P. Duits, J.M.P. Baas
Background and objectives Studies on the development and treatment of anxiety disorders mostly focus on the comparison of predefined groups. An alternative approach is to use data-driven latent class growth analyses (LCGA) to determine differentiation between groups based on particular mechanistic factors. This study validated the use of LCGA on responses in a compact fear conditioning task and whether
-
Change talk and sustain talk in treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: A secondary analysis of cognitive behavioral therapy and metacognitive therapy in adult outpatients Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-02-28 Isak Joramo, Stian Solem, Bendik Romundstad, Hans M. Nordahl
Background and objectives Measures of patient motivation have proven elusive, showing inconsistent results in relation to psychotherapy outcome. How patients talk about change is an alternative measure of motivation, with potential value in predicting treatment outcome. This study had two aims: (1) to examine if change talk and sustain talk (including its subcategories) predicted reduction in worry
-
An emotional regulation approach to psychosis recovery: The Living Through Psychosis group programme Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-02-18 Aisling Ryan, Edel Crehan, Mizanur Khondoker, Mary Fell, Roisin Curtin, Louise C. Johns
Background and objectives Research indicates the value of targeting emotional regulation (ER) skills in psychological interventions for psychosis. These skills can be delivered in a group format, thereby increasing access to therapy. This pilot study examined the acceptability and clinical effects of teaching ER skills in The Living Through Psychosis (LTP) group programme. Methods Patients with a psychotic
-
Threat memory devaluation by a dual-task intervention: Testing return of fear and intrusive memory over 48 hours Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-02-13 Elze Landkroon, Elske Salemink, Iris M. Engelhard
Background and objectives In dual-tasking, individuals recall a threat-related memory while performing a demanding dual-task. This is a fruitful approach to reduce the unpleasantness and vividness of aversive memories and to reduce conditioned fear responses. Crucially, it remains unclear whether dual-tasking can also reduce conditioned fear responses and intrusive memories over time. In this pre-registered
-
The role of belief in memory amplification for trauma events Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-02-18 Sasha Nahleen, Reginald D.V. Nixon, Melanie K.T. Takarangi
Background and objectives Trauma survivors often report trauma events inconsistently over time. Many studies, for example, have found that people report having experienced trauma events that they initially failed to report or remember, a phenomenon called “memory amplification.” Other studies have found the opposite: people report experiencing fewer events over time. Nahleen, Nixon, and Takarangi (2019)
-
Effects of increased attention allocation to threat and safety stimuli on fear extinction and its recall Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-02-11 Zohar Klein, Rivkah Ginat-Frolich, Tom J. Barry, Tomer Shechner
Background and objectives Attention plays an important role in the treatment of anxiety. Increased attention to threat has been shown to yield improved treatment outcomes in anxious patients following exposure-based therapy. This study examined whether increasing attention to learned stimuli during fear extinction, an experimental analogue for exposure-based treatments, could improve extinction learning
-
Radically open dialectical behavior therapy for anorexia nervosa: A multiple baseline single-case experimental design study across 13 cases Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Martina Isaksson, Ata Ghaderi, Mia Ramklint, Martina Wolf-Arehult
Background and objectives No treatment for adult anorexia nervosa (AN) has shown sufficient effectiveness or superiority to other treatments. Overcontrol has been suggested as a viable mechanism to target in the treatment of patients with AN. Radically open dialectical behavior therapy (RO DBT) is developed for disorders related to maladaptive overcontrol. Our objective was to evaluate the outcome
-
Physiological sensation word usage in social anxiety disorder with and without comorbid depression Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Victoria N. Shaffer, Dahyeon Kim, K. Lira Yoon
Background & Objectives Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by a fear of showing anxiety symptoms, which may manifest in greater physiological sensation (PS) word usage, especially when describing their anxious experiences. However, the role of comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD) is unknown. Given blunted physiological arousal in MDD, the SAD only group (SAD) may use more PS words than
-
Emotional working memory updating in individuals with borderline personality features Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Nasrin Esmaeilian, Jonas Everaert, Mohsen Dehghani, Ali Khatibi, Ali Reza Moradi, Ernst H.W. Koster
Background and Objectives Individuals with features of borderline personality disorder (BPD) are highly sensitive to social rejection. Working memory (WM) may play a critical role in processing emotional interpersonal information in BPD. Yet, little is known about how emotional WM operations are related to sensitivity to rejection cues and BPD features. Therefore, this study examined relationships
-
Evaluation of mechanism of change in transdiagnostic cognitive behaviour therapy using single case experimental design Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-12-13 Magnus Blondahl Sighvatsson, Paul M. Salkovskis, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Heiddis B. Valdimarsdottir, Fanney Thorsdottir, Jon Fridrik Sigurdsson
Background and objectives Transdiagnostic mechanisms of change (txMOC) specific to cognitive behaviour therapy are poorly understood. Salkovskis (1996) proposed one such mechanism in terms of the shift towards an alternative, less negative view of their problems or cognitive flexibility. This hypothesis has been described as involving a shift in beliefs, from “theory A″ to “theory B”. The objective
-
Reward prospect improves inhibitory control in female university students with a history of childhood sexual and physical abuse Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-11-07 Meltem Kiyar, Miriam J.J. Lommen, Ruth M. Krebs, Judith K. Daniels, Sven C. Mueller
Background and objectives Childhood abuse and neglect increase the risk for psychiatric disorders (e.g., depression and anxiety) during adulthood and have been associated with deficits in cognitive control. The specific mechanisms underlying these cognitive control deficits are still unknown. Methods This study examined the expectation for reward to improve inhibitory control in young women (ages 18–35
-
Attention bias modification in depression: A randomized trial using a novel, reward-based, eye-tracking approach Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-10-24 Stephanie M. Woolridge, Geoffrey W. Harrison, Michael W. Best, Christopher R. Bowie
Background and objectives Biased attention to negative information is a mechanism for risk and relapse in depression. Attentional bias modification (ABM) paradigms manipulate attention away from negative information to reduce this bias. ABM results have been mixed due to inconsistent methodologies and stimuli design. This randomized controlled trial used a novel approach to modifying attentional bias
-
Contextual goal-dependent attention flexibility or rule-based learning? An investigation of a new attention flexibility paradigm Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 Malvika Godara, Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez, Rudi De Raedt
Background & objectives Deficits in the ability to process contextual changes have been proposed to be crucial for emotion dysregulation. A recent study found evidence for the role of contextual changes in exacerbating attention switching towards valence-specific goals using a novel attention flexibility paradigm. Despite the task indicating good reliability, the role of rule-based learning has not
-
“Was I asking for it?”: An experimental investigation of perceived responsibility, mental contamination and workplace sexual harassment Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-12-09 Sandra Krause, Adam S. Radomsky
Background and objectives Mental contamination (i.e., contamination concerns that arise in the absence of direct contact with a contaminant) is a common symptom in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Cognitive theories suggest that it results from individuals’ misinterpretations of perceived violations. Cognitive theories of OCD also highlight the importance of appraisals of inflated responsibility
-
A Systematic Review of the experimental induction of auditory perceptual experiences Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Amanda Anderson, Samantha Hartley, Sandra Bucci
Background and objectives Voice-hearing exists on a continuum and research studies have utilised experimental paradigms in an attempt to induce unusual auditory experiences in clinical and non-clinical samples. The aim of the current review was to systematically identify, review and appraise voice-hearing induction paradigms in order to guide researchers. Methods Five databases were searched for studies
-
I told you it was safe: Associations between intolerance of uncertainty and different parameters of uncertainty during instructed threat of shock Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Jayne Morriss, Ken P. Bennett, Christine L. Larson
Background and objectives Self-reported Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) is the tendency to find uncertainty aversive. There is a lack of empirical research on how IU modulates anticipatory responding during threatening contexts with different parameters of uncertainty. Methods Exploratory secondary analyses were conducted on an existing data set (n = 45) to examine whether IU is related to a particular
-
The impact of prior and ongoing threat on the false alarm threshold for facial discrimination Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Santiago Papini, Joseph E. Dunsmoor, Jasper A.J. Smits
Background and objectives Perceptual adaptations that facilitate rapid responses to threats can also lead to false alarms, or the failure to discriminate safe stimuli from signals of threat. We examined the impact of varying degrees of threat on false alarms in the perceptual discrimination of faces along the dimension of emotion (Experiment 1) or identity (Experiment 2). Methods Participants first
-
Measuring fear: Association among different measures of fear learning. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-09-23 Elena Constantinou, Kirstin L. Purves, Thomas McGregor, Kathryn J. Lester, Tom J. Barry, Michael Treanor, Michelle G. Craske, Thalia C. Eley
Background and objectives Fear conditioning paradigms use various measures to assess learned fear, including autonomic arousal responses like skin conductance, and self-reports of both associative (US-expectancies) and evaluative (affective ratings) learning. The present study uses a dimensional approach to examine associations among fear indices directly. Methods Seventy-three participants completed
-
Desire to drink as a function of laboratory-induced social stress among adolescents Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-09-22 Heidemarie Blumenthal, Renee M. Cloutier, Megan E. Douglas, Nathan T. Kearns, Caitlyn N. Carey
Background and objectives Research consistently demonstrates a link between social anxiety and alcohol-related problems; however, the majority of work has been retrospective, and conducted with adults. Despite an extensive literature highlighting coping-related motives as an underlying mechanism, real-time work presents mixed findings, and no published research has examined an adolescent sample using
-
Does valence contribute to the effects of dual tasking in aversive autobiographical memory? Some unexpected findings Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 T. IJdema, O.M. Laceulle, A. Karreman, J. de Vries, K. Korrelboom
Background and objectives Lab experiments show that engaging in a working memory task while recalling an aversive memory reduces emotionality and vividness of memories. Studies targeting lab induced negative memory with valenced secondary tasks show promise, but work is needed on autobiographical memories to make it more in line with the original dual tasking research and PTSD treatment in clinical
-
Feasibility and efficacy of a digital CBT intervention for symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A randomized multiple-baseline study. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-09-08 Christopher B Miller,Jenny Gu,Alasdair L Henry,Michelle L Davis,Colin A Espie,Richard Stott,Adrienne J Heinz,Kate H Bentley,Guy M Goodwin,Bernard S Gorman,Michelle G Craske,Jenna R Carl
Background and objectives Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a first-line treatment for anxiety, but it is not widely available as clinical guidelines recommend. We examined the feasibility and efficacy of a novel smartphone-based fully automated digital CBT intervention, ‘Daylight™‘, to improve symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Methods In this multiple-baseline design, 21 adults (20 F;
-
Reality check: An experimental manipulation of inferential confusion in eating disorders. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-09-06 Catherine Ouellet-Courtois,Frederick Aardema,Kieron O'Connor
Background and objectives Inferential confusion (IC) entails confusing an imagined possibility with a sensory-based possibility, and acting upon the imagined possibility as if it was real. Although IC was formulated in the context of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), this reasoning bias has shown to be relevant to other obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders, such as eating disorders (EDs). The
-
Is my patient too sad to approach their fear? Depression severity and imaginal exposure outcomes for patients with OCD. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-09-06 Noah Chase Berman,Dianne M Hezel,Sabine Wilhelm
Background and objectives There is conflicting research on how comorbid depression impacts the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) with exposure with response prevention. To better understand this relationship, the current study tests theoretical claims that greater depression limits motivation to engage in exposures, restricts habituation, and interferes with adaptive learning. Methods
-
Assessment of approach-avoidance tendencies in body image using a novel touchscreen paradigm. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-09-06 Laura Dondzilo,Julian Basanovic,Jason Bell,Caitlin Mills,Radomir Dinic,Jens Blechert
Background and objectives Approaching the thin-ideal and avoiding the stigma of fatness are motivational tendencies resulting from the internalisation of sociocultural appearance norms. Individual differences in subclinical levels of eating disorder symptomatology may be related to variation in motivational tendencies regarding thin vs. non-thin bodies. Methods To empirically investigate this hypothesis
-
Manipulating avoidance motivation to modulate attention bias for negative information in dysphoria: An eye-tracking study. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-09-05 Malvika Godara,Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez,Rudi De Raedt
Background and objectives Instrumentality plays a key role in guiding attention, such that stimuli associated with achieving current goals of an individual prioritize attention. However, in depression, attention is prioritized to negative stimuli even when they are not relevant to current goals. In the current study, we tested whether attention is prioritized to stimuli that are associated with avoidance
-
Prospective associations between intelligence, working memory capacity, and intrusive memories of a traumatic film: Potential mediating effects of rumination and memory disorganization. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-08-23 M Roxanne Sopp,Markus Streb,Alexandra H Brueckner,Sarah K Schäfer,Johanna Lass-Hennemann,Axel Mecklinger,Tanja Michael
Background and objectives Field research indicates that lower intelligence may predispose trauma-exposed individuals towards the development of re-experiencing symptoms. However, this assumption requires further testing in controlled prospective studies. In the current analog study, we tested whether lower fluid intelligence and lower working memory capacity (WMC) independently contribute to intrusion
-
Look at me: The relation between empathy and fixation on the emotional eye-region in low vs. high social anxiety. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-08-22 Raquel Moutinho,São Luís Castro,Susana Silva
Background and objectives Fixation on another person's eye-region may be an effective measure of one's level of empathy. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that this type of empathy measure may not be appropriate for individuals with high levels of social anxiety, since avoidance or hypervigilance attentional biases towards emotional faces are frequent in this condition. Methods Using eye-tracking
-
Enhancing extinction with response prevention via imagery-based counterconditioning: Results on conditioned avoidance and distress. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-08-13 Laura J Hendrikx,Angelos-Miltiadis Krypotos,Iris M Engelhard
Background and objectives Maladaptive avoidance is a core characteristic of anxiety-related disorders. Its reduction is often promoted using extinction with response prevention (ExRP) procedures, but these effects are often short-lived. Research has shown that pairing a feared stimulus with a stimulus of an incompatible valence (i.e., counterconditioning) may be effective in reducing fear. This laboratory
-
Beneficial Effects of Role Reversal in Comparison to role-playing on negative cognitions about Other's Judgments for Social Anxiety Disorder. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-07-24 Hanieh Abeditehrani,Corine Dijk,Mohsen Dehghani Neyshabouri,Arnoud Arntz
Background and objectives Negative beliefs about other's judgments play an important role in the development and maintenance of social anxiety disorder. The present experiment examined the effects of role-playing followed by role reversal compared to role-playing twice on altering these negative cognitions. Methods Thirty-six adult social anxiety patients were randomized into two conditions: a role-playing
-
Behavioral inhibition system sensitivity moderates audio-visual neutral information processing. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-07-22 K Lira Yoon,Sang Wook Hong
Background and objectives Misperception of other people's intention and emotions could cause and worsen interpersonal problems, thereby increasing the likelihood of developing depression and anxiety disorders among individuals who are already at risk for those conditions. Although multisensory emotional information is ubiquitous in the real world, most previous research focused exclusively on processing
-
Pondering on how great I am: Does rumination play a role in grandiose ideas? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-07-15 Catherine Bortolon,Stéphane Raffard
Background & Objectives A recent psychological model proposed that rumination might be involved in grandiose delusions (GD) by amplifying positive mood triggered by the occurrence of a positive event or the recall of positive autobiographical memories. This is the first study whose aim is to explore the role of rumination in the development and maintenance of grandiose ideas in a nonclinical sample
-
Social anxiety is associated with heart rate but not gaze behavior in a real social interaction. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-07-11 Lara Rösler,Stefan Göhring,Michael Strunz,Matthias Gamer
Background and objectives Much of our current understanding of social anxiety rests on the use of highly restricted laboratory experiments. Latest technological developments now allow the investigation of eye movements and physiological measures during real social interactions. Considering the wealth of conflicting findings on gaze behavior in social anxiety, the current study aimed at elucidating
-
Testing the neurocognitive framework for regulation expectation: The relationship between actual/ideal self-esteem and proactive/reactive autonomic stress regulation. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-07-05 Selene Nasso,Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt,Rudi De Raedt
Background and objectives According to the Neurocognitive Framework for Regulation Expectation (NFRE), actual and ideal self-esteem are related to how individuals anticipate and respond to a stressful event. Based on this framework, we investigated whether in individuals with low ideal self-esteem (moderator), a positive relationship between actual self-esteem and reactive autonomic regulation would
-
Visual attention patterns during online video-mediated interaction in socially anxious individuals. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-06-29 Omer Azriel,Amit Lazarov,Adva Segal,Yair Bar-Haim
Background and objectives These days, a growing number of social interactions occur through video-mediated communication (VMC). However, little is known about how socially anxious individuals use this technology. Here, we examined the visual attention patterns of high and low socially anxious individuals during a live interaction with a study confederate using a typical online VMC setup. Methods High
-
An exploratory mixed methods approach to implicit and explicit identification with non-suicidal self-injury. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 Stephanie Jarvi Steele,Kayla Furbish,Thröstur Björgvinsson,Lance P Swenson
Background and objectives Identification with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is uniquely related to NSSI behavior and predicts future NSSI. This exploratory, mixed methods study used implicit and explicit approaches to further understanding of NSSI identity. Methods: Participants included 15 treatment-seeking adults (60% female, 87% Caucasian) with lifetime NSSI. Participant age ranged from 19 to
-
Emotion generation and regulation following an intrusion induction: Implications for taboo or autogenous obsessions. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-06-16 Noah Chase Berman,Jumi Hayaki,Abigail Szkutak
Background and objectives Research demonstrates that autogenous (AO) and reactive obsessions (RO) differ in obsessional content; however, no experimental research has examined differences in emotion generation and regulation. Characterizing this taxonomy with respect to emotion generation and regulation could refine conceptualizations of obsessionality and optimize clinical interventions. Methods Seventy
-
Improving imagery rescripting treatments: Comparing an active versus passive approach. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-06-09 Marena Siegesleitner,Miriam Strohm,Charlotte E Wittekind,Thomas Ehring,Anna E Kunze
Background and objectives In imagery rescripting (ImRs), aversive mental images are modified to reduce symptoms in a variety of psychological disorders. However, uniform guidelines on how to optimally implement ImRs do currently not exist. It remains unclear whether therapists should stimulate patients to imagine themselves to actively intervene within the new image, or whether they may imagine helpers
-
The effect of rumination and distraction on auditory hallucinatory experiences: An analogue experimental study. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-30 Amanda Anderson,Samantha Hartley,Anthony Morrison,Sandra Bucci
Background and objectives The cognitive model of voices suggests that negative appraisals of hallucinatory experiences result in responses, such as rumination, which maintain voice-hearing. Our principal aim was to investigate the effect of rumination on the frequency of voice-hearing. Methods A two-group randomised experimental design was employed using a non-clinical sample. A total of 106 participants
-
Misperception of sleep is associated with intrinsic motivation toward thinking about sleep. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-26 Feyza Gökce,Thomas Ehring,Gabriela G Werner,Keisuke Takano
Background and objectives Misperception of sleep, the underestimation of total sleep time and overestimation of sleep onset latency (SOL) relative to objective measures, is often found in people with sleep disturbances. Theories of insomnia have proposed that perceived sleeplessness triggers excessive intention and effort to sleep, ironically disturbing the normal initiation of sleep. The current study
-
Prepartum mental time travelling: Investigating specificity and content of time travelling and their association with psychological distress. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-19 Mia S O'Toole,Dorthe Berntsen
Background and objectives The current study compared mental time travelling in a group of first-time pregnant women with that in a group of non-pregnant women. We predicted that specificity of birth-related events would be negatively associated with psychological distress. Methods Fifty-nine pregnant women and 59 controls were assessed twice. Pregnant women were assessed before (Time 1) and after (Time
-
Negative bias and reduced visual information processing of socio-emotional context in borderline Personality Disorder: A support for the hypersensitivity hypothesis. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-19 Roberta Bortolla,Marco Galli,Pietro Ramella,Federica Sirtori,Raffaele Visintini,Cesare Maffei
Background and objectives Current studies on emotional dysregulation in BPD suggest that it might be manifested by altered appraisal and biased attentional mechanisms, rather than by hyperreactivity. The aim of this study was to acquire more evidence on this topic by testing the hypothesis that BPD patients are characterized by a negative evaluation bias and reduced visual exploration in response to
-
An investigation of the impact of social exclusion on attachment to possessions and saving behaviors. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-13 Brittany M Mathes,Norman B Schmidt
Background and objectives Hoarding disorder (HD) is a debilitating mental illness characterized by extreme difficulty parting with possessions and clutter that can result in dangerous living conditions. One hypothesis about why individuals with HD save possessions is that they possess a pathological attachment to their belongings, which may serve to compensate for unfulfilling interpersonal relationships
-
Can theory of mind be improved? Positive expectations cause better theory of mind performance in a community sample. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-12 Laura M-L Dorn,Winfried Rief,Stephanie Mehl
Background and objectives Theory of Mind (ToM) deficits are present in several mental disorders and closely related to problems in social functioning and lower quality of life. While several trainings are aimed at improving ToM performance, it is unknown whether positive expectations on a persons’ ToM performance might cause better ToM achievement. Methods Participants (n = 131) first completed a mock
-
Not all checking decreases memory confidence: Implications for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-05 Daniel J Burns,Claudia H Dalterio,Sarah A Burns,Giovana V Coelho
Background and objectives Repetitive checking, a frequently reported compulsive behavior associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), may, at least in part, result from a lack of memory confidence. Surprisingly, numerous studies have shown that when participants repeatedly perform an action and check that they performed it correctly, memory confidence decreases across repetitions, suggesting
-
Biased interpretation in paranoia and its modification. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-04 George Savulich,Annabel Edwards,Sara Assadi,Husniye Guven,Emily Leathers-Smith,Sukhi Shergill,Jenny Yiend
Background and objectives Cognitive models of psychosis implicate interpretation biases as one of the mechanisms involved in the formation and maintenance of symptoms. First we measured the strength of association between interpretation biases and psychosis-relevant traits. Next we manipulated these biases and quantified the effects of doing so on psychosis-relevant outcomes. Methods Experiment 1 used
-
Behavior when socially anxious individuals expect to be (dis)liked: The role of self-disclosure and mimicry in actual likeability. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-04 Marisol J Voncken,Corine Dijk,Wolf-Gero Lange,Lizzy M M Boots,Jeffrey Roelofs
Background and objectives This study aimed to unravel the relationship between socially anxious individuals’ expectation of being (dis)liked and actual likeability by looking at the mediating role of both strategic and automatic social behavior: Self-disclosure as well as mimicry were examined. Method Female participants (N = 91) with various levels of social anxiety participated in a social task with
-
Discrepant negative self-associations as a risk factor for depressive deterioration after outpatient psychotherapy. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-04 Juan Martín Gómez Penedo,Tobias Krieger,Marie Christine Koditek,Martin Grosse Holtforth
Background and objectives This paper examines the discrepancy between implicit and explicit negative self-associations (NSA) after cognitive psychotherapy for depression as a predictor of long-term outcome. Methods One hundred and twenty patients completed an Implicit-Association Test relating the self with depressive attributes and a self-report questionnaire with identical item content, at the end
-
Client memory and learning of treatment contents: An experimental study of intervention strategies and relationship to outcome in a brief treatment for procrastination. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-04 Garret G Zieve,Cara Woodworth,Allison G Harvey
Background and objectives Client memory and learning is limited for psychological treatment contents. This study investigated different approaches to support client memory and learning of treatment contents and the relationship between memory and learning of treatment contents and outcome. Methods Adult participants (n = 428) were recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk and randomized to complete
-
Reward-related attentional capture and cognitive inflexibility interact to determine greater severity of compulsivity-related problems. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Lucy Albertella,Mike E Le Pelley,Samuel R Chamberlain,Fred Westbrook,Rico S C Lee,Leonardo F Fontenelle,Jon E Grant,Rebecca A Segrave,Eugene McTavish,Murat Yücel
Background and objectives Neurocognitive processes are key drivers of addictive and compulsive disorders. The current study examined whether reward-related attentional capture and cognitive inflexibility are associated with impulsive and/or compulsive personality traits, and whether these cognitive characteristics interact to predict greater compulsivity-related problems across obsessive-compulsive
-
Coping with social wounds: How social pain and social anxiety influence access to social rewards. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-04-11 Taylor Hudd,David A Moscovitch
Background and objectives Prior studies have shown that people display signs of increased social approach motivation and affiliative behaviour in response to social exclusion. This response is considered an adaptive strategy that serves to repair damage to social networks and increase access to mood-enhancing social rewards. However, heightened trait social anxiety (SA) has been linked to decreased
-
Decision-making about intrusive thoughts: Relationships to attitudes towards them. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-04-08 Debbie M Warman
Background and objectives The present study investigated decision-making strategies about and evaluations of intrusive thoughts in OCD presented in hypothetical targets in vignettes in a non-clinical population. It was expected participants would be hastier in their decisions for violent and sexual thoughts than checking and contamination thoughts and find those thoughts more credible. In addition
-
Remembering happy times instead of sticking to negative memories after social exclusion. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-03-19 M Annelise Blanchard,Eline Belmans,Keisuke Takano,Filip Raes
Background & objectives Previous research shows that difficulty disengaging from negative (self-related) stimuli (i.e. negative self-referential processing; NSP) is a vulnerability factor for depression (Gotlib & Joormann, 2010) and contributes to its recurrence (LeMoult, Kircanski, Prasad, & Gotlib, 2017). The Emotional Reversal Learning Task (ERLT) was designed to investigate this, and we examined
-
Negative item memory and associative memory: Influences of working memory capacity, anxiety sensitivity, and looming cognition. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-03-17 Noboru Matsumoto,Jun Kawaguchi
Background and objectives Traumatic or negative stimuli facilitate item memory but impair associated context memory. Vulnerability factors related to the maintenance and onset of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), such as anxiety sensitivity, looming cognitive style, dissociation, and low working memory capacity, have been identified. However, little is known about how these factors influence negative
-
A pilot study augmenting cognitive behavioral therapy for panic disorder with attention bias modification: Clinical and psychophysiological outcomes. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-03-17 A W Baker,S N Hellberg,R J Jacoby,O M Losiewicz,S Orr,L Marques,N M Simon
Background and objectives Studies show that attentional bias towards threat is a key maintenance factor for panic disorder (PD). Attentional bias may be an important mechanism of symptom reduction, and thus, a useful target for optimizing outcomes. The current study examined whether an attention bias modification (ABM) task enhanced CBT outcomes. Multiple methods for assessing PD were used, including
-
Modulating disgust in mental contamination: Experimental evidence for the role of disgust. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-03-05 Zhi Hui Fong,Oliver Sündermann
Background and objectives Disgust has been associated with mental contamination (MC), although the evidence has hitherto been nonexperimental. Furthermore, strategies that can target both disgust and MC have not been well explored. We investigated the role of disgust in MC by inducing disgust via olfaction within the “dirty kiss” paradigm and conversely, to see if pairing pleasant olfactory stimulus
-
Side effects of induced lateral eye movements during aversive ideation. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-03-04 Arne Leer,Iris M Engelhard
Background and objectives Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. It uses a dual-task approach, in which patients recall an aversive memory while making lateral eye movements. Research has shown that this ‘eye movements’ intervention reduces subjective memory vividness and emotionality. This study examined whether it also reduces memory
-
Effects of the video game 'Mindlight' on anxiety of children with an autism spectrum disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (IF 1.96) Pub Date : 2020-03-03 Lieke A M W Wijnhoven,Daan H M Creemers,Ad A Vermulst,Ramón J L Lindauer,Roy Otten,Rutger C M E Engels,Isabela Granic
Background and objectives In the clinical setting, a large proportion of children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience impairing anxiety symptoms. Recently, an applied videogame called Mindlight has been developed that focuses on decreasing anxiety in children. The present study involved a randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating the effect of Mindlight on (sub)clinical anxiety